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Of course disk speed has caught up. Single core clock speed hasn't changed in over 10 years now? Disk now uses SSD and has been chugging along with improvements

Of course disk speed has caught up. Single core clock speed hasn't changed in over 10 years now? Disk now uses SSD and has been chugging along with improvements. I'm curious what a multi thread(multi process for python due to GIL?) comparison would be. Obviously people aren't doing this by default though, so the author's point still stands.

PartiallyTyped 4y ago
> Single core clock speed hasn't changed in over 10 years now? Technically we have gone from 3.3gz- 3.9gz base frequency, 4.1-4.2 single core boosts, 4.7ghz heavy OC in Haswell to 4.3 and 3.0 base clock for efficiency/perf cores, with boosts to 5.4 ish, stable 5.8ghz all core frequency with heavy OC, and even pushing 6.something GHz single core with a good setup. But then again, this is on the more extreme ends. Mainstream laptops have remained relatively stable. re Python MP: On my 12700k, I saw almost linear scaling (per core, not thread) with multiprocessing when loading stuff from the disk for ML applications and processing. This was with the datasets library.
chronial 4y ago
> Single core clock speed hasn't changed in over 10 years now? This is not true. I thought the same thing and you are right in regards to base line clock speed. But the performance is still increasing. I just got a new PC at work with a 2021 high-end CPU and it has 200% single core performance of the 2015 mid-range CPU in my private PC: https://www.cpubenchmark.net/compare/4597vs2599/Intel-i9-12900K-vs-Intel-i5-6500 https://www.cpubenchmark.net/compare/4597vs2599/Intel-i9-129...
- antisthenes 4y ago
  Are you simply glossing over the fact that CPU 1 has a turbo of 5.2 Ghz and the other 3.6 Ghz ?
  - chronial 4y ago
    Yes, I did not go into details where the differences are coming from. The base clockspeeds are the same, which is obviously the number that GP noticed not changing over the last 10 years. Other things changed. The turbo clockspeed is one of them.
  - glogla 4y ago
    Also, the the old one is 65W TDP and the new one is 241W TDP.
- 0x457 4y ago
  Well, CPU got a lot better at benchmarks, that is true. Caches got bigger, predictions got better. Specialized instructions were added. IPC improvement kinda slowed down after Sandy Bridge, at least for Intel. Also, the comment you're quoting is talking about clock speed, and the link you provided literally shows the same base clock speed - 3.2 GHz. Intel progressively pushed turbo speed higher, but that the speed you could have achieved yourself by overclocking.
  - chronial 4y ago
    Does the CPU constantly hold the turbo speed under a single threaded workload?
    - eulers_secret 4y ago
      Depends. The cpu attempts to hold the maximum possible speed on any cores that are in use. On my water cooled and specifically tweaked desktop- yes. It’ll hold max boost indefinitely, even with all threads. (getting to about 80c after 10 mins). Single-thread max is faster, and it’ll hold that as well. My laptop will pull power within 15 seconds and be down to base clocks in a couple mins. Unless I set it down outside and it’s very cold.
      - Dylan16807 4y ago
        Most un-tweaked chips are going to be below 25 watts with a single core loaded, and lots of laptops can cool that without any problems.
    - 0x457 4y ago
      It depends on motherboard and cooling. 6700K, for example, is constantly running at 4.2Ghz or 4.5Ghz (winter clocks). Constantly while thermals allow it... Non-overclocking motherboards allow it to boost for 2 minutes, after that, it's iffy.
hn_go_brrrrr 4y ago
It's not just about clock speed. CPI has been steadily improving across processor generations, even when the clock speed doesn't meaningfully change.
- atty 4y ago
  Sorry do you mean IPC (instructions per clock) or is there another term that I’m not aware of?
  - vlovich123 4y ago
    Cycles per instruction.
    - wtallis 4y ago
      "Cycles per instruction" sounds more like a measurement of instruction latency rather than instruction throughput, and I don't think instruction latency has improved as much in the past decade as instruction throughput: the most significant microarchitecture trend has been toward wider CPUs with more execution ports, wider instruction decoders, and larger reorder buffers.

PartiallyTyped 4y ago

> Single core clock speed hasn't changed in over 10 years now? Technically we have gone from 3.3gz- 3.9gz base frequency, 4.1-4.2 single core boosts, 4.7ghz heavy OC in Haswell to 4.3 and 3.0 base clock for efficiency/perf cores, with boosts to 5.4 ish, stable 5.8ghz all core frequency with heavy OC, and even pushing 6.something GHz single core with a good setup. But then again, this is on the more extreme ends. Mainstream laptops have remained relatively stable. re Python MP: On my 12700k, I saw almost linear scaling (per core, not thread) with multiprocessing when loading stuff from the disk for ML applications and processing. This was with the datasets library.

chronial 4y ago

> Single core clock speed hasn't changed in over 10 years now? This is not true. I thought the same thing and you are right in regards to base line clock speed. But the performance is still increasing. I just got a new PC at work with a 2021 high-end CPU and it has 200% single core performance of the 2015 mid-range CPU in my private PC: https://www.cpubenchmark.net/compare/4597vs2599/Intel-i9-12900K-vs-Intel-i5-6500 https://www.cpubenchmark.net/compare/4597vs2599/Intel-i9-129...

antisthenes 4y ago
Are you simply glossing over the fact that CPU 1 has a turbo of 5.2 Ghz and the other 3.6 Ghz ?
- chronial 4y ago
  Yes, I did not go into details where the differences are coming from. The base clockspeeds are the same, which is obviously the number that GP noticed not changing over the last 10 years. Other things changed. The turbo clockspeed is one of them.
- glogla 4y ago
  Also, the the old one is 65W TDP and the new one is 241W TDP.
0x457 4y ago
Well, CPU got a lot better at benchmarks, that is true. Caches got bigger, predictions got better. Specialized instructions were added. IPC improvement kinda slowed down after Sandy Bridge, at least for Intel. Also, the comment you're quoting is talking about clock speed, and the link you provided literally shows the same base clock speed - 3.2 GHz. Intel progressively pushed turbo speed higher, but that the speed you could have achieved yourself by overclocking.
- chronial 4y ago
  Does the CPU constantly hold the turbo speed under a single threaded workload?
  - eulers_secret 4y ago
    Depends. The cpu attempts to hold the maximum possible speed on any cores that are in use. On my water cooled and specifically tweaked desktop- yes. It’ll hold max boost indefinitely, even with all threads. (getting to about 80c after 10 mins). Single-thread max is faster, and it’ll hold that as well. My laptop will pull power within 15 seconds and be down to base clocks in a couple mins. Unless I set it down outside and it’s very cold.
    - Dylan16807 4y ago
      Most un-tweaked chips are going to be below 25 watts with a single core loaded, and lots of laptops can cool that without any problems.
  - 0x457 4y ago
    It depends on motherboard and cooling. 6700K, for example, is constantly running at 4.2Ghz or 4.5Ghz (winter clocks). Constantly while thermals allow it... Non-overclocking motherboards allow it to boost for 2 minutes, after that, it's iffy.

hn_go_brrrrr 4y ago

It's not just about clock speed. CPI has been steadily improving across processor generations, even when the clock speed doesn't meaningfully change.

atty 4y ago
Sorry do you mean IPC (instructions per clock) or is there another term that I’m not aware of?
- vlovich123 4y ago
  Cycles per instruction.
  - wtallis 4y ago
    "Cycles per instruction" sounds more like a measurement of instruction latency rather than instruction throughput, and I don't think instruction latency has improved as much in the past decade as instruction throughput: the most significant microarchitecture trend has been toward wider CPUs with more execution ports, wider instruction decoders, and larger reorder buffers.