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Every single fabless semiconductor designer failed to predict demand because their customers lied to them. The car industry pulled a really dick move last year,
by Kliment 6y ago
Every single fabless semiconductor designer failed to predict demand because their customers lied to them. The car industry pulled a really dick move last year, and then pulled an even more dick move in the opposite direction, and now everyone is screwed. Back in early 2020 the car manufacturers decided that demand for cars would go down, and because they have a religious aversion to keeping any stock, cancelled lots of orders with their vendors, screwing said vendors over. Their vendors could not afford their fab slots because automotive is such a big part of their revenue, so they cancelled their fab slots. Those slots were happily sold on to entertainment and computing customers, who anticipated a jump in demand due to people staying home more. So far so normal.
However, the car industry got it badly wrong - people, afraid of public transit, started buying more cars rather than less. The car industry, being screwed due to their just-in-time religion of zero stock, was faced with their production lines stopping so they called up all their vendors, and asked for those orders back, and some more on top. The vendors then tried to get their fab slots back, and were told to come back next year. Some of them ended up buying other fabless IC designers out of their slots, causing the problem to spread. Others cancelled their existing orders to other customers, and auctioned off their existing inventory to increasingly desperate car manufacturers at a 6x to 8x premium. Anyone who was not prepared to pay that or didn't act fast enough was screwed. From that point on, a bunch of companies that depend on those lines of microcontrollers had to rapidly redesign their product to use another device, taking even more devices off the market with unplanned demand. The users of those devices then had to move to others, causing even more availability cascades. This is how two nasty moves by the car industry caused global market disruption in a number of industries that depend on electronics. This is not a normal "demand has increased, and industry can't keep up" event, it's elephants dancing and trampling everyone else underneath.
This is further aggravated by the top three automotive semiconductor suppliers (NXP, Renesas, Infineon) having their facilities destroyed in two unrelated disastrous events - a fire at Renesas' wafer processing plant, and Texas freezing over, destroying NXP's and Infineon's fabs through cleanroom contamination and process interruption. Those events took out months' worth of production, and destroyed product that had already been sold before manufacture. This would have been recoverable in a normal market, because distributor stock could hold a couple months, but in this case it was game over for non-automotive customers as all distributor stock was already gone by then.
I see this in my work every day now - customers coming to me for help with redesigning products to use a different microcontroller, or help with sourcing parts from unusual sources because their normal channels are gone. I've been in this industry a long time and never seen anything like this before. This is not a failure of supply chain analysis and projection on the part of the fabless semicon vendors. This is their biggest customers fucking their vendors over not once but twice by lying to them about their own demand.
- baq 6y agoif you wrote a book about it, i'd buy it.
- kyrra 6y agoJust in time delivery has its downfalls when vendors have issues, but this is a known trade-off to that model. If a company keeps inventory on hand, then they have the worry of owning excess parts that they can never use and is a sink cost later. So these companies can lose money with either, it just depends on the circumstances that cause it. I'd be interested to learn more about the order cancellation you were saying that fabs were doing to non car manufacturers. Shouldn't contracts prevent that sort of behavior (without proper compensation)? And if they did that, they are burning bridges that would make people less likely to do business with them in the future. Maybe the car chip business is enough money to warrant such moves, but seems potentially sort sighted depending on exactly all what you said happened.
- bkor 6y ago> Shouldn't contracts prevent that sort of behavior (without proper compensation)? That depends on how big the customer/order is, no? If (as a manufacturer) you could get away with not having it in a contract, why include it? Similarly, instead of actually cancelling they could also "lie". Say that there are capacity issues, etc. That the capacity issue is mostly because they resold the existing manufacturing capacity, is left out. > Just in time delivery The well-known example of this is Toyota. Interestingly, they've started ensuring they do have stocks. See e.g. https://www.reuters.com/article/us-japan-fukushima-anniversary-toyota-in-idUSKBN2B1005 https://www.reuters.com/article/us-japan-fukushima-anniversa.... I found that rather interesting.
- ethbr0 6y agoAs with all things, an optimization (e.g. agile, JIT/lean manufacturing) is predicated on certain assumptions. In this instance, "we exist in an ecosystem where our suppliers can rapidly respond to volatile demand from us." If the assumptions fail, then it's not a failure of the optimization, but an incorrect application of it. Maybe we don't currently live in a world in which elastic semiconductor availability at scale can be assumed.