10 ms·
Animation shows the temperature change by country from year 1880 to 2019
- anoplus 7y agoIs it fair to say the temperatures in tropical areas change slowly?
- gmuslera 7y agoIt is alarming to say that temperatures around polar areas increased a lot. That is where a couple of positive reinforcement loops are located (less reflective surface because ice melted, and the release of frozen greenhouse gases). In fact, animations that show the average global temperature increase, or local, but by (alphabetically sorted) countries like this one don't let us see that trend. Another mostly hidden temperature trend (that may have regional component too) is the sea temperature, as water is capturing most of the heat. And in part that is what is fueling extreme weather events.
- hans1729 7y agoVery cool. Also, see this: https://i.redd.it/h6annrws3qa41.png https://i.redd.it/h6annrws3qa41.png
- aruggirello 7y agoEr, you meant, very warm?
- hans1729 7y ago...duh.
- badrabbit 7y agoIs it practical to have giant nuclear powered facilities that either pump cooled air or artificially cool surface ocean water? Or just use the electricity to break down water for O2 production and use the hydrogen to power other things?
- winrid 7y agoTo create that cooled air you have to heat something else right? I'm not sure that's the right direction...
- badrabbit 7y agoSomething other than the atmosphere and surface ocean water? A mile or so under the earth crust, or 5k meter+ under ocean water heat release/transfer
- has2k1 7y ago> or artificially cool surface ocean water Good curiosity, but they would have to put out atleast an equal amount of heat into the atmosphere! (2nd law of thermodynamics).
- hinkley 7y agoPeople are still trying to work out if we can make black bodies that are biased to radiate more heat in frequencies that the atmosphere is permeable to. We have some materials that are much more thermally conductive in one direction than the other. Pair the two, and it might just be possible to shed some heat into space at night. Entropy always wins. It’s the heat trapped in the atmosphere that’s killing us. The universe is a mighty big heat sink though.
- ElKrist 7y agoInteresting. Do you have resources/keywords I can use to know more about such research?
- hinkley 7y agoSearch for radiating heat into space. There were some reports about 8-10 years back. Occasionally you will see people working on materials that have narrow emissions spectra, but I think they may have other things in mind, like combining them with photovoltaics to make solid state heat engines. Which has the potential to be much more efficient than thermocouples. Thermocouples are so far from their theoretical limits that boosting the conversion rate by single digit percentage points is more than doubling efficiency, which is how we ended up with a new thromocouple material on the front page of HN a month ago.
- winrid 7y agoThe visualization makes it look a little terrifying. Maybe that's an understatement...
- taneq 7y agoYou can make anything look terrifying with an appropriate choice of palette. (That's not to say the data aren't also terrifying, of course.)
- busymom0 7y agoIn 28 August 1981, the mean surface temperature is 288K = 15 degree C: http://climate-dynamics.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/hansen81a.pdf http://climate-dynamics.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/hanse... ---------- In 1988, it was claimed that the global avg temperature was 59 deg F = 15 degree C Multiple sources: https://www.nytimes.com/1988/03/29/science/temperature-for-world-rises-sharply-in-the-1980-s.html https://www.nytimes.com/1988/03/29/science/temperature-for-w... https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1915&dat=19880705&id=kKMtAAAAIBAJ&sjid=9HEFAAAAIBAJ&pg=4970,774657&hl=en https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1915&dat=19880705&id=... ---------- IPCC's First Assessment Report in 1990, table on page xxxvii of the report listed the "Observed Surface Temperature" of Earth as 15 degrees Celsius: https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/2018/03/ipcc_far_wg_I_introduction-1.pdf https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/2018/03/ipcc_far_wg_... ---------- In Jan 12 1992, it's 15 degree C: https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=S2xGAAAAIBAJ&sjid=7ugMAAAAIBAJ&pg=4134,2440761&dq=helene+wilson+59+fahrenheit+hansen&hl=en https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=S2xGAAAAIBAJ&sjid=7ugM... ---------- ############## SOMETHING CHANGED IN 1997: "Global Temperature Down Slightly": https://books.google.ca/books?id=VyFpAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA62&lpg=PA62&dq=%22Global+Temperature+Down+Slightly%22&source=bl&ots=mLv2gwmG4l&sig=ACfU3U0qk-nM4FnLgI7jNAGbl9c0xQyiCg&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjclpLCsbTlAhUJVN8KHV1sCsUQ6AEwBXoECAkQAQ#v=onepage&q=%22Global%20Temperature%20Down%20Slightly%22&f=false https://books.google.ca/books?id=VyFpAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA62&lpg=PA... ---------- December 14, 2002: They magically started using 14C as the long term average instead of 15C without any explanation: https://www.smh.com.au/world/global-warming-blamed-for-heat-20021214-gdfyre.html https://www.smh.com.au/world/global-warming-blamed-for-heat-... > This year the Earth's average temperature was 14.64C, compared with the long-term average of 14C, said James Hansen, of NASA's Goddard Institute for Space Studies, who analyses the data collected from thousands of weather stations around the world. The meteorological year runs from December to November. During that period, 2001 temperatures were 14.51C. The record remains with 1998, when global temperature rose to 14.67C - the highest since records were first compiled in the late 1800s. The warm temperatures of 2001 and 2002 are especially significant when they are considered in the light of El Nino weather patterns that alter global climate, Mr Hansen said. "The fact that 2002 is almost as warm as the unusual warmth of 1998 is confirmation that the underlying global warming trend is continuing," Mr Hansen said. ---------- August 25, 2011: > But Hansen and colleagues have estimated that Earth's actual average surface air temperature between 1951 and 1980 was approximately 287 K (14 degrees Celsius) (Hansen et al. 2010). The difference in temperature is attributed to greenhouse gases that trap thermal radiation, warming Earth as depicted in figure 2.1. https://www.gao.gov/assets/330/322216.html https://www.gao.gov/assets/330/322216.html ########## Sometime between 1997 and 1998, they magically started claiming the avg to be 14 degree C instead of 15. 18 January 1998's "Vital Signs 1998: The Environmental Trends that are Shaping Our Future" magazine made this magical change with a small footnote: https://books.google.ca/books?id=EfZRAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA174&lpg=PA174&dq=In+earlier+versions+of+Vital+Signs,+Worldwatch+added+the+temperature+change+reported+by+the+Goddard+Institute+to+an+estimated+global+temperature+of+15+degrees+Celsius,+but+the+institute+has+since+informed+Worldwatch+that+a+better+base+number+would+be+14+degrees+Celsius.+James+Hansen,+Goddard+Institute+for+Space+Studies,+New+York,+email+to+author,+18+January+1998.%E2%80%9D&source=bl&ots=2ZyDz-pRJg&sig=ACfU3U0Dwas7rcxUuEt3Ef03BGVN6FN8Rw&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj-4KHKoYrnAhVMCc0KHRkFBtsQ6AEwAHoECAoQAQ#v=onepage&q=In%20earlier%20versions%20of%20Vital%20Signs%2C%20Worldwatch%20added%20the%20temperature%20change%20reported%20by%20the%20Goddard%20Institute%20to%20an%20estimated%20global%20temperature%20of%2015%20degrees%20Celsius%2C%20but%20the%20institute%20has%20since%20informed%20Worldwatch%20that%20a%20better%20base%20number%20would%20be%2014%20degrees%20Celsius.%20James%20Hansen%2C%20Goddard%20Institute%20for%20Space%20Studies%2C%20New%20York%2C%20email%20to%20author%2C%2018%20January%201998.%E2%80%9D&f=false https://books.google.ca/books?id=EfZRAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA174&lpg=P... > In earlier versions of Vital Signs, Worldwatch added the temperature change reported by the Goddard Institute to an estimated global temperature of 15 degrees Celsius, but the institute has since informed Worldwatch that a better base number would be 14 degrees Celsius. James Hansen, Goddard Institute for Space Studies, New York, email to author, 18 January 1998.” Can someone please explain this unexplained change on how avg surface temperature between 1951 and 1980 went from claims that it was 15C to now being claimed it was 14C? Edited: changed magic to unexplained change
- ratboy666 7y agoVery nice animation! Data is suspect, though -- US 1937 should be bright red, not pale yellow. 1937 had record heat wave in US.
- emj 7y agoIt's probably ok but you could look at the source data and be more specific, averages and base indexes can play tricks on the visualization. From the video: https://data.giss.nasa.gov/gisstemp https://data.giss.nasa.gov/gisstemp Data source NASA GISS, GISTEMP Land-Ocean Temprature Index (LOTI), ERSSTv5, 12000km square smoothing. Average of monthly temprature anaomolies. GISTEMP base period 1951-1980.
- phaemon 7y ago...which followed one of the coldest winters on record, which brings the average down.
- 0x445442 7y agoSo why are we to draw any conclusions one way or the other based off a data set that's statistically insignificant compared to the age of the earth?
- eaq 7y agoIf you got a fever tomorrow, would that be statistically insignificant?
- basch 7y agoDoes the dataset before the dawn of agriculture and permanent settlements matter that much? The conversation largely revolves around flooding and food production. The earth will be fine, itll bounce back. Billions of people however, could be displaced from their homes as their land floods, or starve if food production and distribution is destroyed. The Earth had maybe 1 billion people 200 years ago. Now its at 7.5. Unprecedented doesnt begin to describe the migration that would occur if the Earth lost its coastal cities. What I dont like about this animation is that giant land masses like the USA and Russia get the same treatment as tiny countries. The average temperature of the USA is a lot less useful than if it were broken down by region.
- erikpukinskis 7y agoHow do you compare a statistical significance to an age? Like how does p<0.01 compare to my age (38 years)?