4 ms·

So how does that account for the supposed idea that people who live in Denver, who get 2x to 4x the average radiation than the normal population have far lower

So how does that account for the supposed idea that people who live in Denver, who get 2x to 4x the average radiation than the normal population have far lower rates of cancer than average.

logicchains 13y ago
It can be explained by the concept of radiation hormesis. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiation_hormesis http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiation_hormesis
Xylakant 13y ago
Like I already mentioned: radiation != radiation. A raw number in MS does not tell you anything at all. For a light treatment of the topic, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banana_equivalent_dose https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banana_equivalent_dose "The absorbed radiation dose depends on the type and energy of the emitted particles, as well as on the location of the source in the body (external, inhaled, ingested, etc.), and the biological half-life of the compounds ingested." There are probably other controlling factors that come into play in Denver, so yes, that is still possible (if it is so, I'll add the wikipedia-style "citation needed").
- stefantalpalaru 13y ago
  > For a light treatment of the topic, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banana_equivalent_dose https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banana_equivalent_dose Please don't. The "banana equivalent dose" people make the wrong assumption that the excess potassium brought in the organism by eating a banana stays there for 50 years. Because of the way potassium homeostasis works, the excess is eliminated within a few hours, when urinating. So let's reduce the average exposure time from 50 years to 12 hours and the radiation exposure from 0.078 microsievert to 0.00000213 microsievert. We're losing respect for some cool comic strip in the process[1], but the reality is worth it. [1]: http://blog.xkcd.com/2011/03/19/radiation-chart/ http://blog.xkcd.com/2011/03/19/radiation-chart/
  - Xylakant 13y ago
    > Please don't. The "banana equivalent dose" people make the wrong assumption that the excess potassium brought in the organism by eating a banana stays there for 50 years. As you probably have noted, the BED has other problems as well, namely the source and kind of radiation is not taken into account - it's actually discussed in the wikipedia article. So reading the article is an enlightening skim on the surface if that's all you need ATM. There's no use in calculating your radiation exposure in BEDs - we both agree on that account.
timr 13y ago
Cite your source. This data suggests that you're wrong -- cancer rates are in line with national averages: http://statecancerprofiles.cancer.gov/cgi-bin/ratetrendbycancer/rtcancer.pl?001&0&08&00&1&0&1 http://statecancerprofiles.cancer.gov/cgi-bin/ratetrendbycan... Beyond that, it's like the parent said: you have to take into account the type of radiation, sources, method of exposure, etc.
gnaffle 13y ago
Maybe because the background radiation is just one of many, many contributing causes of cancer? For instance, airline pilots are exposed to more radiation than the average worker. But they also have a low percentage of smokers, and in order to keep their medical license they need to be in fairly good health. So, apart from skin cancer, they have lower than average rates of cancer compared to the general population: https://www.alpa.org/portals/alpa/magazine/2001/March2001_HealthAmongPilots.htm https://www.alpa.org/portals/alpa/magazine/2001/March2001_He...
- tptacek 13y ago
  What do you propose is the lifestyle difference shared by the population of Denver that offsets their doubled exposure to low-level radiation? Obviously cancer has many causes, but to the extent Denver shares those causes with Oregon, they should wash out and reveal Denver's radiation-linked cancer (which, after all, you're basically arguing exists).
  - gnaffle 13y ago
    I was just pointing out a flaw in his reasoning. I didn't argue that it exists (and from what I gather from other comments, it doesn't). But if it did, it could be offset by any number of things, some of which might not be shared to the same extent with other cities. Or it might be that the baseline background radiation is so small that 2x that baseline is still statistically insignificant compared to other factors.
    - tptacek 13y ago
      If you believe the latter statement, then you also aren't alarmed by radiation in Japan, right?
      - gnaffle 13y ago
        I don't believe anything in particular, that was just one of many potential explanations. That said, I'm not alarmed by the radiation in Japan, I'm more alarmed about the situation of the Fukushima plant and the problems they face with potential leakage into the groundwater (among other things).
takatin 13y ago
Exposure to mild stressors over extended periods of time enhances the robustness of the organism against that stressor (eg: vaccination, mild stressor here is the weakened disease agent). It's called Hormesis in general, and Radiation hormesis in your specific case - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiation_hormesis http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiation_hormesis
pessimizer 13y ago
You're implying that accounting for the fact that people in Denver get "2x to 4x the average radiation" but "have far lower rates of cancer" is a problem for people who saying that small multiples of radiation exposure raise cancer risk, but ignoring that a lower incidence of cancer for Denver would have to be accounted for in any case, no matter what you believe about the relationship between radiation exposure and cancer. Unless your actual argument here is that radiation prevents cancer - and I'd say that you have a higher burden of proof for that.
deeviant 13y ago
Denver is one of the most fit places in the US. Obesity is a major source of cancer. That or a million other such reasons. Statements such as yours are exactly in vein with the the article and is exactly the type of BS pseudoscience used so commonly in the defense of nuclear power.

So how does that account for the supposed idea that people who live in Denver, who get 2x to 4x the average radiation than the normal population have far lower rates of cancer than average.

logicchains 13y ago

It can be explained by the concept of radiation hormesis. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiation_hormesis http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiation_hormesis

Xylakant 13y ago

Like I already mentioned: radiation != radiation. A raw number in MS does not tell you anything at all. For a light treatment of the topic, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banana_equivalent_dose https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banana_equivalent_dose "The absorbed radiation dose depends on the type and energy of the emitted particles, as well as on the location of the source in the body (external, inhaled, ingested, etc.), and the biological half-life of the compounds ingested." There are probably other controlling factors that come into play in Denver, so yes, that is still possible (if it is so, I'll add the wikipedia-style "citation needed").

stefantalpalaru 13y ago
> For a light treatment of the topic, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banana_equivalent_dose https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banana_equivalent_dose Please don't. The "banana equivalent dose" people make the wrong assumption that the excess potassium brought in the organism by eating a banana stays there for 50 years. Because of the way potassium homeostasis works, the excess is eliminated within a few hours, when urinating. So let's reduce the average exposure time from 50 years to 12 hours and the radiation exposure from 0.078 microsievert to 0.00000213 microsievert. We're losing respect for some cool comic strip in the process[1], but the reality is worth it. [1]: http://blog.xkcd.com/2011/03/19/radiation-chart/ http://blog.xkcd.com/2011/03/19/radiation-chart/
- Xylakant 13y ago
  > Please don't. The "banana equivalent dose" people make the wrong assumption that the excess potassium brought in the organism by eating a banana stays there for 50 years. As you probably have noted, the BED has other problems as well, namely the source and kind of radiation is not taken into account - it's actually discussed in the wikipedia article. So reading the article is an enlightening skim on the surface if that's all you need ATM. There's no use in calculating your radiation exposure in BEDs - we both agree on that account.

timr 13y ago

Cite your source. This data suggests that you're wrong -- cancer rates are in line with national averages: http://statecancerprofiles.cancer.gov/cgi-bin/ratetrendbycancer/rtcancer.pl?001&0&08&00&1&0&1 http://statecancerprofiles.cancer.gov/cgi-bin/ratetrendbycan... Beyond that, it's like the parent said: you have to take into account the type of radiation, sources, method of exposure, etc.

gnaffle 13y ago

Maybe because the background radiation is just one of many, many contributing causes of cancer? For instance, airline pilots are exposed to more radiation than the average worker. But they also have a low percentage of smokers, and in order to keep their medical license they need to be in fairly good health. So, apart from skin cancer, they have lower than average rates of cancer compared to the general population: https://www.alpa.org/portals/alpa/magazine/2001/March2001_HealthAmongPilots.htm https://www.alpa.org/portals/alpa/magazine/2001/March2001_He...

tptacek 13y ago
What do you propose is the lifestyle difference shared by the population of Denver that offsets their doubled exposure to low-level radiation? Obviously cancer has many causes, but to the extent Denver shares those causes with Oregon, they should wash out and reveal Denver's radiation-linked cancer (which, after all, you're basically arguing exists).
- gnaffle 13y ago
  I was just pointing out a flaw in his reasoning. I didn't argue that it exists (and from what I gather from other comments, it doesn't). But if it did, it could be offset by any number of things, some of which might not be shared to the same extent with other cities. Or it might be that the baseline background radiation is so small that 2x that baseline is still statistically insignificant compared to other factors.
  - tptacek 13y ago
    If you believe the latter statement, then you also aren't alarmed by radiation in Japan, right?
    - gnaffle 13y ago
      I don't believe anything in particular, that was just one of many potential explanations. That said, I'm not alarmed by the radiation in Japan, I'm more alarmed about the situation of the Fukushima plant and the problems they face with potential leakage into the groundwater (among other things).

takatin 13y ago

Exposure to mild stressors over extended periods of time enhances the robustness of the organism against that stressor (eg: vaccination, mild stressor here is the weakened disease agent). It's called Hormesis in general, and Radiation hormesis in your specific case - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiation_hormesis http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiation_hormesis

pessimizer 13y ago

You're implying that accounting for the fact that people in Denver get "2x to 4x the average radiation" but "have far lower rates of cancer" is a problem for people who saying that small multiples of radiation exposure raise cancer risk, but ignoring that a lower incidence of cancer for Denver would have to be accounted for in any case, no matter what you believe about the relationship between radiation exposure and cancer. Unless your actual argument here is that radiation prevents cancer - and I'd say that you have a higher burden of proof for that.

deeviant 13y ago

Denver is one of the most fit places in the US. Obesity is a major source of cancer. That or a million other such reasons. Statements such as yours are exactly in vein with the the article and is exactly the type of BS pseudoscience used so commonly in the defense of nuclear power.