9 ms·

If there's one thing I wish I could do to improve HN, it would be to detect this sort of middlebrow dismissal algorithmically. Unsophisticated people read an a

by pg 14y ago

If there's one thing I wish I could do to improve HN, it would be to detect this sort of middlebrow dismissal algorithmically. Unsophisticated people read an article like this and think: Gosh, I better eat honey for breakfast! People a little more sophisticated think: Hey, this is anecdotal evidence! Yeah, we know that. But is that the most interesting thing one can say about this article? Is it not at least a source of ideas for things to investigate further? The problem with the middlebrow dismissal is that it's a magnet for upvotes. The "U R a fag"s get downvoted and end up at the bottom of the page where they cause little trouble. But this sort of comment rises to the top. Things have now gotten to the stage where I flinch slightly as I click on the "comments" link, bracing myself for the dismissive comment I know will be waiting for me at the top of the page.

pmelendez 14y ago
> "If there is one thing I wish I could do to improve HN it would be to detect this sort of middlebrow dismissal algorithmically." Do you have some data that we could use to play with? That sounds like a nice problem to solve.
- pg 14y ago
  You already have the data I'd use: the text of the comments. If anyone wants to try to train a filter to detect this sort of comment, I'd be very interested to see the result.
  - hntester123 14y ago
    >You already have the data I'd use: the text of the comments. Wouldn't that require real AI though? I thought for a minute that NLP (Natural Language Processing, not the other meaning(s) of the acronym) might help, but then thought that it may not work for cases where the comment is quoting another comment. Note: I'm not at all an expert in any of those fields, just interested.
    - adimitrov 14y ago
      Sounds like a job for Sentiment Analysis [1]. Modern systems are pretty good at discerning negative from positive comments. You could probably find a way to mark negative and positive comments. Whether the resulting algorithm would be fine-grained enough to semi-reliably mark 'middlebrow dismissal,' I really don't know. Actually, as somebody who has worked on that stuff in the past, I don't think it would be very easy. [1] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sentiment_analysis http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sentiment_analysis
      - hntester123 14y ago
        Hadn't heard of it; thanks for the link.
      - pmelendez 14y ago
        Thanks for the link. Agreed I don't think it would be an easy task, but I wonder how would perform a "bag of word" approach. Harder part as I see it would be to categorize the comments on middlebrow dismissal / Not dismissal. It seems like we would be spending more time preparing the data than in the algorithm itself.
        disgruntledphd2 14y ago
        Welcome to statistics/data science/machine learning. The hardest part is always getting the data into usable form. Its not as much fun as fitting models, but its definitely the majority of any role where people pay you to do this kind of stuff. There's a lot of good research on forums (pm me if you want a bibliography i collected for a previous role), and short texts have become a bigger deal post Twitter. I completely agree with pg on the somewhat annoying nature of comments such as the GP.
        pmelendez 14y ago
        Hey... Thanks for the offer! How can I contact you? I didn't know we can pm users over here. I did have worked with ML before but mostly with images which are (IMHO) way easier to put in a format depending on the problem.
  - sakai 14y ago
    I'll consider that a challenge... To any that have experience getting comments data from HN -- what's the fastest, most polite way to do this? And am I correct in remembering that there's some aggressive rate-limiting for crawling the site?
    - pg 14y ago
      Don't crawl the site, please. The place to get data is the HNSearch API.
    - ippisl 14y ago
      There's a database(quite old) of HN posts and comments here: http://www.btscene.eu/details/2240774/Hacker+News+Database+of+posts+and+comments+Da.html http://www.btscene.eu/details/2240774/Hacker+News+Database+o...
    - malandrew 14y ago
      Any plans to try to get a dataset for supervised ml? Perhaps collect the top 4 comments from all front page threads and post a survey on HN asking HNers to rate those comments for skepticism/dismissiveness?
  - heed 14y ago
    It might be easier to investigate submissions first and filter at this level if a trend is discovered. That is, a certain type of submission might attract a certain attitude of comment.
  - derefr 14y ago
    I might bet that upvotes to middlebrow dismissal would be highly correlated with downvotes to the article itself, if we had downvotes to articles. In fact, I believe that these comments rise to the top because people are downvoting the article vicariously, by upvoting a rebuttal, however vacuous. In order to confirm this hypothesis, though, you'd have to collect data by implementing a downvote button on articles -- though it would not necessarily have to do anything in article-ranking terms ;) (That might introduce a confounding factor, though--namely that by alleviating people's urge to downvote the article by giving them a [nonfunctional] button to do just that, people might stop upvoting the dismissive comments. Hmm....)
Alex3917 14y ago
It's been a while since I've coined a new term on HN, but I think now is as appropriate a time as ever: cargo cult skepticism. edit: ~10 previous results on Google. :-/
- saraid216 14y ago
  Or you could just reference William Golding. http://www.smartercarter.com/Essays/Thinking%20as%20a%20Hobby%20-%20Golding.html http://www.smartercarter.com/Essays/Thinking%20as%20a%20Hobb... It's "Grade-two thinking".
- gruseom 14y ago
  Skepticism is also the wrong name for this ideology. Genuine skeptics would direct their doubt against the leading dogma of the age, whereas this ideology seeks to comfortably reinforce it. Historically, its true name – as I believe you pointed out here once – is positivism.
  - beagle3 14y ago
    No, it's a fine name: cargo cult skepticism is to skepticism like cargo cult science is to science. (Which is to say: it isn't)
EliAndrewC 14y ago
I'm always conflicted about interesting comments which link to something I read and learn from, but which are needlessly insulting. The grandparent linked to FightingAging.com and I read the article and clicked on some of the links and found it informative, though not convincing. But I cringe when he says, "Nonsense about antioxidants in the diet is exactly that: nonsense." So do I upvote because I learned something from his comment, or downvote because his tone degrades the quality of discourse on Hacker News? Clearly pg says "downvote", and I often do, but I'm always on the fence about it.
mattgreenrocks 14y ago
I've noticed this too. It's a vicious hit-and-run attack on a thread's discussion that presumes only the empirical viewpoint is worth considering. It often trainwrecks the thread into intellectual pissing contests, rather than discussing subjects with fellow human beings. Removing karma entirely might help. Too many people treat it as a vanity metric, and game it.
- derleth 14y ago
  > only the empirical viewpoint is worth considering So what other viewpoints are there?
  - SoftwareMaven 14y ago
    I would be far more interested in a discussion about how we could identify the factors that lead to a community that doesn't appear to be following the aging and health norms of other communities rather than just saying "the article is stupid and isn't worth reading".
    - derleth 14y ago
      > I would be far more interested in a discussion about how we could identify the factors that lead to a community that doesn't appear to be following the aging and health norms of other communities rather than just saying "the article is stupid and isn't worth reading". OK, I don't think we're using 'empirical' in the same way, then. 'Empirical', the way I've always seen it used, just means 'evidence-based' or, more verbosely, 'based on observed facts and not purely theory or philosophy'. In particle physics, the fine structure constant is an empirical constant: We don't know how to derive it from any theory that doesn't include it already; if we want to have the correct value for the fine structure constant in a theory, we have to explicitly put in the value we know from experiment, that is, the value we derive empirically. Compare this to the value of the acceleration due to gravity between two objects of known mass: We can compute this value, derive it from a theory, called the theory of universal gravitation. We don't have to physically construct an apparatus and perform an experiment every time. Frankly, it seems that you're tired of people being dismissive based on an imperfect knowledge of a set of specific formal and informal fallacies they came across once.
seacond 14y ago
Solution: Get rid of voting. Order the comments randomly. I've never understood the point behind anonymous voting.^1 What value does it add? 1. But some people, think of them what you will, have tried to use voting as a way to be more convincing when pandering to advertisers, e.g., Facebook "Likes". Assuming we were the intelligent, high brow readers you would hope would be reading your forum, then wouldn't we be smart enough to see that voting adds nothing, except a source of amusement (as the silliest comments or those from random members with "high karma" rise to the top)? Intelligent people do not need a "karma system". They can take in all available information and separate the wheat from the chaf on their own. (No need for someone else, someone else's algorithm, to manipulate the order of comments.)
gjm11 14y ago
I'm not commenting on this article specifically (not least because I haven't read it), but there are plenty of articles that deserve little more than "middlebrow dismissal". Very likely one could find plenty of more interesting things to say about those articles. One can find interesting things to say about anything. But if an article is about an attention-grabbing subject, is superficially plausible, but is just plain unsound in the sort of way the grandparent of this comment is alleging, the "middlebrow dismissal" -- predictable as it is for the cognoscenti -- may still be the most useful thing there is to say about it, and a comment thread that didn't have "please note, this is probably wrong in the usual way" near the top of it would be a bad and misleading one. If HN is worse off for being full of middlebrow dismissals, the real problem may not be the middlebrow dismissals but the articles that provoke them.
- SoftwareMaven 14y ago
  There are many articles that should be dismissed, but when every time I click on the comments, I know somebody will be saying something negative about the article (and usually something fairly obvious and uninteresting), then I can't help but agree with PG that there is intellectual snobbery rather than real, interesting discussion happening. You don't get many points for interesting. You get points for cynicism and negativity.
  - ozataman 14y ago
    What I find interesting is that I often learn/gain or notice something from these middlebrow dismissal comments. I am not saying they are all good - but many here make legitimate, logical and scientific points. With the rise of blogging and other open/free channels of self publishing, these comments are often necessary rebuttals to the overhyped tones present in many articles.
    - SoftwareMaven 14y ago
      Every dismissive comments not a "middlebrow" comment. There are some people here with some really great knowledge. I love the "highbrow" dismissals because that's when I learn something new.
dennisgorelik 14y ago
Could anyone with access to HN comments voting data execute something similar to the SQL query below and evaluate the results? The idea is to use past voting correlation with other users to sort the comments. declare @userId int; select @userId = UserId from users where Username = 'pg'; /* Let's calculate expert table first. We will use it to rate comments later. */ select v2.UserId, sum(v1.Score * v2.Score) as VotingCorrelation into #expert from CommentVotingLog v1 inner join CommentVotingLog v2 on v2.CommentId = v1.CommentId where v1.UserId = @userId group by v2.UserId; /* Now we can rate comments against #expert table: */ select c.CommentText, (select sum(v.Score * e.VotingCorrelation) from CommentVotingLog v inner join #expert e on e.UserId = v.UserId where v.CommentId = c.CommentId ) as Rating from Comment c where c.ArticleId = 4692598 -- or another article that's discussed order by Rating desc; I assume CommentVotingLog table has CommentId, UserId of the voter, and Score that voter gave to the comment: +1 for upvote or -1 for downvote) I also assume that CommentVotingLog table has at least one record for every comment -- the author of that comment gives Score = +1 to that comment. These queries don't have "freshness" adjustment (older comments had higher change to get upvoted, so their rating should be somewhat downgraded).
malandrew 14y ago
How about a "middlebrow dismissal" link to complement the flag link? Of course, it doesn't need to be called "middlebrow dismissal" but there is nothing better for determining if something is or isn't middlebrow dismissal than users. TBH, the flag link could be more powerful/useful by asking people to explain why they are flagging something. Later on you can release the categorized flagged post dataset for others to train an algorithm against. If someone is willing to spend the time to click on flag, they are demonstrating that they care about post/comment quality and that is itself a good indicator that they'd be willing to spend the time to tell you exactly why they are flagging something.
skrebbel 14y ago
In all honesty, if this is what bugs you the most about HN comments, then that mostly means that HN is doing remarkably well, given its population increase. 2 years ago, many HNers were predicting that HN's growth would inevitably turn it into yet another Reddit or 4chan. Instead, the consistent top comment is what you call the "middlebrow dismissal". Really, that's not so bad, compared to the top comment on $ANY_OTHER_SITE,_REALLY. Just scroll down to the next! (that said, I found your complaint insightful: in fact, I realise now that I've been guilty of the odd middlebrow dismissal myself)
- saraid216 14y ago
  > in fact, I realise now that I've been guilty of the odd middlebrow dismissal myself This isn't as bad as you think it is. This kind of dismissal is a bit like adolescence; you engage in it as a part of mental growth. Every strong thinker has gone through it at some point, and probably regresses to it with some frequency. You hopefully grow past it, but you do go through it.
ruby_on_rails 14y ago
"If there's one thing I wish I could do to improve HN, it would be to detect this sort of middlebrow dismissal algorithmically." 3 years ago, HN was great. Amazing in fact. What's changed in 3 years? Certainly not the system. The user base has changed, grown, degenerated into stereotypes and punch lines. There is an old saying that I believe succinctly explains what has happened: Garbage in, garbage out. I keep seeing people writing about wanting to "improve HN." Every time I see this I think, are these people mad? It's dead Jim. He's been dead. We can all sit here and prod his body and make recommendations for how best to make his arm into a grappling hook or some such nonsense, but at the end of the day, the patient is STILL dead. If there is one thing I would do to improve HN, it would be to write the death certificate and move on to finding or creating the next HN. Also, I thought the article was excellent, albeit long.

by pg 14y ago

pmelendez 14y ago

> "If there is one thing I wish I could do to improve HN it would be to detect this sort of middlebrow dismissal algorithmically." Do you have some data that we could use to play with? That sounds like a nice problem to solve.

pg 14y ago
You already have the data I'd use: the text of the comments. If anyone wants to try to train a filter to detect this sort of comment, I'd be very interested to see the result.
- hntester123 14y ago
  >You already have the data I'd use: the text of the comments. Wouldn't that require real AI though? I thought for a minute that NLP (Natural Language Processing, not the other meaning(s) of the acronym) might help, but then thought that it may not work for cases where the comment is quoting another comment. Note: I'm not at all an expert in any of those fields, just interested.
  - adimitrov 14y ago
    Sounds like a job for Sentiment Analysis [1]. Modern systems are pretty good at discerning negative from positive comments. You could probably find a way to mark negative and positive comments. Whether the resulting algorithm would be fine-grained enough to semi-reliably mark 'middlebrow dismissal,' I really don't know. Actually, as somebody who has worked on that stuff in the past, I don't think it would be very easy. [1] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sentiment_analysis http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sentiment_analysis
    - hntester123 14y ago
      Hadn't heard of it; thanks for the link.
    - pmelendez 14y ago
      Thanks for the link. Agreed I don't think it would be an easy task, but I wonder how would perform a "bag of word" approach. Harder part as I see it would be to categorize the comments on middlebrow dismissal / Not dismissal. It seems like we would be spending more time preparing the data than in the algorithm itself.
      - disgruntledphd2 14y ago
        Welcome to statistics/data science/machine learning. The hardest part is always getting the data into usable form. Its not as much fun as fitting models, but its definitely the majority of any role where people pay you to do this kind of stuff. There's a lot of good research on forums (pm me if you want a bibliography i collected for a previous role), and short texts have become a bigger deal post Twitter. I completely agree with pg on the somewhat annoying nature of comments such as the GP.
        pmelendez 14y ago
        Hey... Thanks for the offer! How can I contact you? I didn't know we can pm users over here. I did have worked with ML before but mostly with images which are (IMHO) way easier to put in a format depending on the problem.
- sakai 14y ago
  I'll consider that a challenge... To any that have experience getting comments data from HN -- what's the fastest, most polite way to do this? And am I correct in remembering that there's some aggressive rate-limiting for crawling the site?
  - pg 14y ago
    Don't crawl the site, please. The place to get data is the HNSearch API.
  - ippisl 14y ago
    There's a database(quite old) of HN posts and comments here: http://www.btscene.eu/details/2240774/Hacker+News+Database+of+posts+and+comments+Da.html http://www.btscene.eu/details/2240774/Hacker+News+Database+o...
  - malandrew 14y ago
    Any plans to try to get a dataset for supervised ml? Perhaps collect the top 4 comments from all front page threads and post a survey on HN asking HNers to rate those comments for skepticism/dismissiveness?
- heed 14y ago
  It might be easier to investigate submissions first and filter at this level if a trend is discovered. That is, a certain type of submission might attract a certain attitude of comment.
- derefr 14y ago
  I might bet that upvotes to middlebrow dismissal would be highly correlated with downvotes to the article itself, if we had downvotes to articles. In fact, I believe that these comments rise to the top because people are downvoting the article vicariously, by upvoting a rebuttal, however vacuous. In order to confirm this hypothesis, though, you'd have to collect data by implementing a downvote button on articles -- though it would not necessarily have to do anything in article-ranking terms ;) (That might introduce a confounding factor, though--namely that by alleviating people's urge to downvote the article by giving them a [nonfunctional] button to do just that, people might stop upvoting the dismissive comments. Hmm....)

Alex3917 14y ago

It's been a while since I've coined a new term on HN, but I think now is as appropriate a time as ever: cargo cult skepticism. edit: ~10 previous results on Google. :-/

saraid216 14y ago
Or you could just reference William Golding. http://www.smartercarter.com/Essays/Thinking%20as%20a%20Hobby%20-%20Golding.html http://www.smartercarter.com/Essays/Thinking%20as%20a%20Hobb... It's "Grade-two thinking".
gruseom 14y ago
Skepticism is also the wrong name for this ideology. Genuine skeptics would direct their doubt against the leading dogma of the age, whereas this ideology seeks to comfortably reinforce it. Historically, its true name – as I believe you pointed out here once – is positivism.
- beagle3 14y ago
  No, it's a fine name: cargo cult skepticism is to skepticism like cargo cult science is to science. (Which is to say: it isn't)

EliAndrewC 14y ago

I'm always conflicted about interesting comments which link to something I read and learn from, but which are needlessly insulting. The grandparent linked to FightingAging.com and I read the article and clicked on some of the links and found it informative, though not convincing. But I cringe when he says, "Nonsense about antioxidants in the diet is exactly that: nonsense." So do I upvote because I learned something from his comment, or downvote because his tone degrades the quality of discourse on Hacker News? Clearly pg says "downvote", and I often do, but I'm always on the fence about it.

mattgreenrocks 14y ago

I've noticed this too. It's a vicious hit-and-run attack on a thread's discussion that presumes only the empirical viewpoint is worth considering. It often trainwrecks the thread into intellectual pissing contests, rather than discussing subjects with fellow human beings. Removing karma entirely might help. Too many people treat it as a vanity metric, and game it.

derleth 14y ago
> only the empirical viewpoint is worth considering So what other viewpoints are there?
- SoftwareMaven 14y ago
  I would be far more interested in a discussion about how we could identify the factors that lead to a community that doesn't appear to be following the aging and health norms of other communities rather than just saying "the article is stupid and isn't worth reading".
  - derleth 14y ago
    > I would be far more interested in a discussion about how we could identify the factors that lead to a community that doesn't appear to be following the aging and health norms of other communities rather than just saying "the article is stupid and isn't worth reading". OK, I don't think we're using 'empirical' in the same way, then. 'Empirical', the way I've always seen it used, just means 'evidence-based' or, more verbosely, 'based on observed facts and not purely theory or philosophy'. In particle physics, the fine structure constant is an empirical constant: We don't know how to derive it from any theory that doesn't include it already; if we want to have the correct value for the fine structure constant in a theory, we have to explicitly put in the value we know from experiment, that is, the value we derive empirically. Compare this to the value of the acceleration due to gravity between two objects of known mass: We can compute this value, derive it from a theory, called the theory of universal gravitation. We don't have to physically construct an apparatus and perform an experiment every time. Frankly, it seems that you're tired of people being dismissive based on an imperfect knowledge of a set of specific formal and informal fallacies they came across once.

seacond 14y ago

Solution: Get rid of voting. Order the comments randomly. I've never understood the point behind anonymous voting.^1 What value does it add? 1. But some people, think of them what you will, have tried to use voting as a way to be more convincing when pandering to advertisers, e.g., Facebook "Likes". Assuming we were the intelligent, high brow readers you would hope would be reading your forum, then wouldn't we be smart enough to see that voting adds nothing, except a source of amusement (as the silliest comments or those from random members with "high karma" rise to the top)? Intelligent people do not need a "karma system". They can take in all available information and separate the wheat from the chaf on their own. (No need for someone else, someone else's algorithm, to manipulate the order of comments.)

gjm11 14y ago

I'm not commenting on this article specifically (not least because I haven't read it), but there are plenty of articles that deserve little more than "middlebrow dismissal". Very likely one could find plenty of more interesting things to say about those articles. One can find interesting things to say about anything. But if an article is about an attention-grabbing subject, is superficially plausible, but is just plain unsound in the sort of way the grandparent of this comment is alleging, the "middlebrow dismissal" -- predictable as it is for the cognoscenti -- may still be the most useful thing there is to say about it, and a comment thread that didn't have "please note, this is probably wrong in the usual way" near the top of it would be a bad and misleading one. If HN is worse off for being full of middlebrow dismissals, the real problem may not be the middlebrow dismissals but the articles that provoke them.

SoftwareMaven 14y ago
There are many articles that should be dismissed, but when every time I click on the comments, I know somebody will be saying something negative about the article (and usually something fairly obvious and uninteresting), then I can't help but agree with PG that there is intellectual snobbery rather than real, interesting discussion happening. You don't get many points for interesting. You get points for cynicism and negativity.
- ozataman 14y ago
  What I find interesting is that I often learn/gain or notice something from these middlebrow dismissal comments. I am not saying they are all good - but many here make legitimate, logical and scientific points. With the rise of blogging and other open/free channels of self publishing, these comments are often necessary rebuttals to the overhyped tones present in many articles.
  - SoftwareMaven 14y ago
    Every dismissive comments not a "middlebrow" comment. There are some people here with some really great knowledge. I love the "highbrow" dismissals because that's when I learn something new.

dennisgorelik 14y ago

Could anyone with access to HN comments voting data execute something similar to the SQL query below and evaluate the results? The idea is to use past voting correlation with other users to sort the comments. declare @userId int; select @userId = UserId from users where Username = 'pg'; /* Let's calculate expert table first. We will use it to rate comments later. */ select v2.UserId, sum(v1.Score * v2.Score) as VotingCorrelation into #expert from CommentVotingLog v1 inner join CommentVotingLog v2 on v2.CommentId = v1.CommentId where v1.UserId = @userId group by v2.UserId; /* Now we can rate comments against #expert table: */ select c.CommentText, (select sum(v.Score * e.VotingCorrelation) from CommentVotingLog v inner join #expert e on e.UserId = v.UserId where v.CommentId = c.CommentId ) as Rating from Comment c where c.ArticleId = 4692598 -- or another article that's discussed order by Rating desc; I assume CommentVotingLog table has CommentId, UserId of the voter, and Score that voter gave to the comment: +1 for upvote or -1 for downvote) I also assume that CommentVotingLog table has at least one record for every comment -- the author of that comment gives Score = +1 to that comment. These queries don't have "freshness" adjustment (older comments had higher change to get upvoted, so their rating should be somewhat downgraded).

malandrew 14y ago

How about a "middlebrow dismissal" link to complement the flag link? Of course, it doesn't need to be called "middlebrow dismissal" but there is nothing better for determining if something is or isn't middlebrow dismissal than users. TBH, the flag link could be more powerful/useful by asking people to explain why they are flagging something. Later on you can release the categorized flagged post dataset for others to train an algorithm against. If someone is willing to spend the time to click on flag, they are demonstrating that they care about post/comment quality and that is itself a good indicator that they'd be willing to spend the time to tell you exactly why they are flagging something.

skrebbel 14y ago

In all honesty, if this is what bugs you the most about HN comments, then that mostly means that HN is doing remarkably well, given its population increase. 2 years ago, many HNers were predicting that HN's growth would inevitably turn it into yet another Reddit or 4chan. Instead, the consistent top comment is what you call the "middlebrow dismissal". Really, that's not so bad, compared to the top comment on $ANY_OTHER_SITE,_REALLY. Just scroll down to the next! (that said, I found your complaint insightful: in fact, I realise now that I've been guilty of the odd middlebrow dismissal myself)

saraid216 14y ago
> in fact, I realise now that I've been guilty of the odd middlebrow dismissal myself This isn't as bad as you think it is. This kind of dismissal is a bit like adolescence; you engage in it as a part of mental growth. Every strong thinker has gone through it at some point, and probably regresses to it with some frequency. You hopefully grow past it, but you do go through it.

ruby_on_rails 14y ago

"If there's one thing I wish I could do to improve HN, it would be to detect this sort of middlebrow dismissal algorithmically." 3 years ago, HN was great. Amazing in fact. What's changed in 3 years? Certainly not the system. The user base has changed, grown, degenerated into stereotypes and punch lines. There is an old saying that I believe succinctly explains what has happened: Garbage in, garbage out. I keep seeing people writing about wanting to "improve HN." Every time I see this I think, are these people mad? It's dead Jim. He's been dead. We can all sit here and prod his body and make recommendations for how best to make his arm into a grappling hook or some such nonsense, but at the end of the day, the patient is STILL dead. If there is one thing I would do to improve HN, it would be to write the death certificate and move on to finding or creating the next HN. Also, I thought the article was excellent, albeit long.