12 ms·
AWS data center latencies, visualized
- dangoodmanUT 2y agoit always shocked by how few main regions they have in the US. I know they have the mini region things but still.
- michaelnoguera 2y agoInteresting. If you click on one of the blue circles representing a data center, it shows latencies to the other data centers. This took me a second to figure out — maybe consider adding a note along the lines of “click to select a data center” on the site?
- WaxProlix 2y agoThese aren't even data centers, but aggregates. They're regions, composed of many different bits of networking and compute in various levels of abstraction - dc, edge installation, whatever. Within these regions there's a lot of variation from zone to zone, so the methodology matters.
- bddicken 2y agoAuthor here. This is great feedback, thanks.
- jumploops 2y agoIdea: select a data center by default (i.e. us-east-1) to make it more clear. Bonus: select the nearest data center based on the user’s IP :)
- mvanbaak 2y agoNitpick detail: us-east-1 (and all other availability zones) are also not a single datacenter by definition. The can also spend several
- hyperpape 2y agoI appreciate the effort to collect the data, but I think the rotating globe is an idea that looks cool, but makes the visualization harder to use. If I click on us-east-1, there's a 229ms line to...somewhere that I can't see. Meanwhile, I can't see the latency between us-east-1 and us-east-2. Perhaps if you selected a datacenter, and it switched to a 2-d projection with that datacenter at the center of the map, it would be better? Or perhaps augment the visualization with a table?
- dredmorbius 2y agoWinkel Tripel projection would mitigate this nicely. (One of several options, though the best IMO.) <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winkel_tripel_projection https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winkel_tripel_projection>
- bddicken 2y agoAuthor here - You can see the raw data as a table here: https://www.cloudping.co https://www.cloudping.co. Sometimes visualizations like this are a careful act of balancing practicality with cool-factor.
- rhchomo 2y ago[dead]
- JoshTriplett 2y agoThe data is really useful, and the globe is visually impressive, but it feels like it'd be more practically useful to have a flat world map that shows all the data centers at once and makes it easier to read the lines without them getting excessively close to each other.
- bustling-noose 2y agoA 2D world may not give you the perception of how far some of these locations really are. I think an option to switch between the two would be better.
- LargoLasskhyfv 2y agohttps://www.greatcirclemap.com https://www.greatcirclemap.com has this.
- schnable 2y agoThe lines between points can be drawn to show curvature, like an airplane route map.
- JoshTriplett 2y agoDraw them as great circles. And in any case, yes, switching between the cool 3D projection and a "show everything at once" 2D map would work.
- Tempest1981 2y agoThis was popular in ham radio, iirc: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azimuthal_equidistant_projection https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azimuthal_equidistant_projecti...
- floodle 2y agoAgreed! It looks cool, but it's not the best visualisation to actually read the data.
- bddicken 2y agoAuthor here - Cool and useful is a careful balancing act.
- vivzkestrel 2y agonewbie here, you basically loaded d3.js to draw that globe. Is there a tutorial you followed to create those lines dynamically on the globe? Mind sharing some info on how you made this?
- hemogloben 2y agoIs this just fiber distance between each datacenter? The coloring makes it seem significant, but from the distances it kinda just looked like ever < _km (100ms) was green, everything between _km(100ms) and _km(200ms) was orange, and everything over was red.
- wiml 2y agoI'm not sure what you're wondering here. Of course physical distance is going to be a dominating factor, but this is measuring packet transit times. The speed of light over half a great-circle is only 67ms or so, ot maybe 100ms considering velocity factor in fiber, so clearly there's more to it than just distance. We can talk about what those other things are, but we both know they exist, right?
- Hikikomori 2y agoBasically yes, as distance is the most important factor when it comes to latency.
- jedberg 2y agoHow did you choose which datacenters to include? For example, eu-south-2 (Spain) is missing. The reason I know is because I worked on a project that required latency to be under 30ms between datacenters, and we had to use eu-west-1 (Ireland) and eu-south-2. Turns out that latency is closer to 42ms, mainly because there are no undersea cables between Ireland and the continent (they only go to England, then they have to route across England to get to a cable to the content).
- inkyoto 2y ago> How did you choose which datacenters to include? For example, eu-south-2 (Spain) is missing. At the bottom of the page it says: «Data scraped from CloudPing», with the CloudPing dataset linked through. If you click through to CloudPing, you won't find «eu-south-2» in the dataset.
- nixass 2y agoThere are good few DCs missing on that atlas
- bobnamob 2y agoYeah the new(ish) Melbourne region is missing too
- jbkkd 2y agoIsrael (il-central-1) is also missing.
- bddicken 2y agoAuthor here - I just used what was available on https://www.cloudping.co https://www.cloudping.co, which is certainly missing a few. The CloudPing GitHub repo has not had a code change in 4 years. Maybe a few new regions have popped up since it was last actively worked on.
- treyfitty 2y agoHow do you know there aren't any cables between Ireland and the main European continent? I'm genuinely curious where this is published.
- danpalmer 2y agoAll of the datacenters are colour-coded as blue, which is not on the legend. What does this mean?
- grogenaut 2y agoclick on one
- danpalmer 2y agoAh, this was what I tried first, and it didn't do anything, but now it does seem to be doing something. That makes sense now, thanks.
- Tempest1981 2y agoSame... didn't work until I moved the globe a bit. I thought the site was broken, or getting the HN hug of death.
- boguscoder 2y agoSince all of them are same color its not really color coding and hence not on the legend, its just OPs choice for color of points
- danpalmer 2y agoNo lines were working for me, so the only feature was the blue colour of the dots, hence thinking they must be colour coded in line with the legend.
- cliffordc 2y agoMaybe a question with an obvious answer, but why are there not yet more data centers in Africa?
- danpalmer 2y agoI believe it's a combination of a lack of customers and lack of infrastructure. It's a big continent to cover with the necessary fibre capacity, and the market is much smaller for nearby services. Also what you don't see in things like this, or even a list of datacenter locations, is the relative sizes of the datacenters. After US east/west coasts and Europe, datacenter capacity rapidly tails off. Parts of Asia have plenty but not on the same scale I believe (although I don't know about the Chinese market). The difference in size can be quite a few orders of magnitude between different regions.
- deleted 2y ago[deleted]
- adamcharnock 2y agoThis isn’t just an issue for cloud providers. It’s also not easy to find collocation space either. My best guess is that it is a combination lower demand (vs rest of world), and infrastructure availability (connectivity + power). I can imagine a bunch of secondary factors too, but this to me sounds like the key broad reasons.
- prmoustache 2y agoSmaller market, less reliable power grids, more challenging heat management, less political stability in many african countries. Also, given their pricing, big cloud vendors AWS are a luxury many local businesses would probably not even consider.
- grogenaut 2y agoThis jives with measurements I've done before. I ended up running a ping setup for a few months from every region to every other region to get these timings. I was using it to calculate what our GQL latencies would look like if the backing servers were in another region or in the same region as a way to start regionalization work. Sadly we had to depend on those latencies so much that it was deemed a non-starter of an approach. Even us-west-2 (home) to us-east-2 took us from p99 300ms to p99 2.4 seconds. That sweet sweet latency reduction.
- Epa095 2y agoThis is really cool, wish there were something like it for Azure as well.
- bddicken 2y agoAuthor here - If you have a resource that provides good data on Azure or GCP latencies, please send them my way.
- deleted 2y ago[deleted]
- alex_young 2y agoUs-east-1 is hard to beat. Close to the network centrality of the of the internet, low latency to both the west coast and Europe.
- otabdeveloper4 2y ago> Close to the network centrality of the of the internet Most of the Internet is fractured even though technically publically routable. E.g., for someone living in China the US isn't anywhere near "network centrality". If an internet centrality exists, it is somewhere in France or the Netherlands - usually cross-continent traffic goes through there, they have dedicated interchanges for that.
- immibis 2y agoAgreed the network is much denser in Europe than the USA. This is obvious if you've really tried looking for network infrastructure services. The USA is just where a lot more high-level services are, like social media, due to the peculiarities of capitalism. There's no shortage of infrastructure there either, of course. Data caps are apparently illegal here. This is good for the quality of infrastructure. And if you have customers somewhere else you want to be in that place, or close to it network-wise.
- kalleboo 2y agoAlthough in my experience all the traffic from East Asia and Oceania (Australia, Japan, Korea, Hong Kong, Singapore, etc) to Europe goes through the US. So network-wise, the US is more central.
- utdemir 2y agoI did some research about this a while back: https://utdemir.com/posts/choosing-cloud-regions.html#:~:text=are%20geographically%20closer.-,Cloud%20Regions,-Interestingly%2C%20there%27s%20no https://utdemir.com/posts/choosing-cloud-regions.html#:~:tex... You are right, the best region that optimises median latency against all internet users over the world is `us-west-3`, which is Paris - I believe. Likely because it has much better latency towards Asia where the majority of internet users are. I also investigated which two regions to choose for a multi-region setup, which ends up being London and Japan.
- adamcharnock 2y agoRandom fact: I did some planning around this for a client a while ago. While measuring the AWS latencies I found I could get approximate latencies (within 10%) by measuring the rough undersea cable length (km) and dividing by 150. While not overly surprising, it was very consistent. Edit: I think it was actually 155
- carlio 2y agoThat reminds me of the story of the 500 mile email (https://www.ibiblio.org/harris/500milemail.html https://www.ibiblio.org/harris/500milemail.html)
- debuggerpk 2y agoFunny story. He must thank the department of statistics for the quick turn around.
- MrLeap 2y agoI read this yeaaaars ago. I'm about to re-read this, but before I do, I think this was the article that installed a little goblin in my brain that screams "TTS" in instances like this. I will edit this if the article confirms/denies this goblin. EDIT: mostly, probably, sort of.
- keepamovin 2y agoThis page is such a well executed interactive map. Really enjoyed it Is the math-planation of your random fact basically (thanks to https://news.ycombinator.com/user?id=Hikikomori https://news.ycombinator.com/user?id=Hikikomori for correcting the lightspeed in fibre medium from 3e5 to 2e5 !) - lightspeed is 2e5 km/s ~ 2e2 km/ms, so/ - length (km) / 200 (km)/ms ~ K length (km) / 200 (km)/ms, so - latency (ms) ~ K' length (km) Where K is approximately 1.3 (K' is 1/155) and factors in things like: - non straight line distance - networking overhead / switching - both ways / measurement error Basically?
- Hikikomori 2y agoSpeed of light in a medium like fiber is about 200 000km/s.
- Hikikomori 2y agoAWS provides latency numbers between regions, AZ's and within an AZ in network manager. Useful to have as a latency baseline and to see if they have any issue. https://docs.aws.amazon.com/network-manager/latest/infrastructure-performance/what-is-nmip.html https://docs.aws.amazon.com/network-manager/latest/infrastru...
- chipdart 2y ago> AWS provides latency numbers between regions, AZ's and within an AZ in network manager. AWS also provides dashboards that shows what regions/services are down, and history tells us those are not to be trusted for precisely the same reasons.
- Hikikomori 2y agoAfaik it also requires someone to manually set it to be down on that page. Pretty sure that nobody is entering latency numbers manually every second, but maybe they have a team for that.
- slimsag 2y agoIs there something similar for GCP?
- immibis 2y agoBe the change you want to see. How much does it cost to set up a VM in every availability zone for an hour? Late edit: it would also be cool to see inter-cloud latency.
- immibis 2y agoAdditional - I see the app here just shows good/moderate/bad latency. An actual data table would be useful to many people but not as pretty. Maybe there should be a distributed latency measurement network project.
- MarkSweep 2y agoThis is not quite the same thing, but if you want to see the latency from your computer to GCP, there is this website: https://gcping.com/ https://gcping.com/
- sandos 2y agoIts a bit sad, we have one of the Swedish, actual physical buildings for AWS in my town. But of course the traffic does not exit here, but is instead aggregated between the different sites spread around cities regionally. So no sub-ms latencies for me towards that center. I think the traffic basically went a couple hundred kms before turning back here.
- immibis 2y agoI presume your town is too small for it since you called it a town, but AWS also does these things called "wavelength zones" which are as close as possible to certain cellular networks (designed to ride th 5G M2M hype train - self-driving vehicles, etc). Not sure if they do something similar for fixed networks. Of course, it doesn't actually matter since friends don't let friends use AWS.
- Hikikomori 2y agoDoes your ISP peer directly with Aws?
- sandos 2y agoNo, which is a possible solution, but I suspect they simply dont peer locally.
- bauruine 2y agoEven if they did it's very unlikely they would peer in your town. Geographic proximity isn't the main factor for peering and even if they did your session may still get terminated at a border network gateway in a big city and your traffic has to travel the same way.
- alex_suzuki 2y agoI have red-green color blindness, which makes it hard/impossible for me to distinguish between the <100ms and >200ms lines. This affects about 8% of male population btw, maybe you can add a color-blind mode, very nice visualization otherwise!
- dredmorbius 2y agoFWIW, anyone reading on a monochrome e-ink device will have similar issues. Those are becoming somewhat more prevalent these days.
- eknkc 2y agoDo you have some kind of an accessibility tool for this? Maybe a whole screen filter that changes colors in a specific way so you can distinguish them?
- alex_suzuki 2y agoNo I don't. It's actually not a big deal in day-to-day life. People often go "But how the hell can you drive if you can't distinguish red from green at the stoplight?"... in reality it's more nuanced. As another comment already mentioned, perception varies across even among colorblind people. I find it hard to distinguish R/G if the colors are not fully saturated or in low-light situation. Also the brain knows that "red is on top" and "green is at the bottom" at the stoplight and thereby improves the contrast for me. ;-) My comment was meant to raise awareness of this issue with the author of the tool. Many video games, especially the ones with some kind of HUD, minimap, etc. these days have a color-blind mode.
- eknkc 2y agoYeah I’ve seen colorblind modes in a lot of apps. It is great for those affected. And probably not a huge hassle to implement anyway. But I was curious if one needs to rely on the application developers to deliver a solution or if there was a generalized filter or whatever that would work always. Maybe like screen readers, those work fine if the app does not do something horrible. But with some help from apps, they perform much better.
- albert_e 2y agointeresting the "globe" visualization is good ... but we cna only see half the world at a time ... can we have an option of a flat projection as well ... so I can see all latencies for a region at a glance? ap-south-2 (Asia Pacific - Hyderabad,India) opened in Nov 2022 seems to be missing from the list?
- kzrdude 2y agoJust curious, why is there no us central or us texas region? It could maybe be useful.
- TowerTall 2y agoand why are there hardly any in South America and Africa?
- bob1029 2y agoAzure has Ohio and Texas, but you'll probably not be able to provision all the machines you want so it doesn't really matter. I think a lot of people are sleeping on the benefits of hosting workloads in these regions. Many finance, banking & insurance companies have already taken advantage. Most of your credit card transactions are handled by data centers that live ~barycentric to the continental US. Much of small US banking tech happens in places like Missouri.
- some_random 2y agoUS-East-2 is also Ohio
- alicetaylor 2y ago[flagged]
- LtdJorge 2y ago@dang spam right here
- obviyus 2y agoHah, CloudPing is awesome. I just wrote a TUI in Rust for exactly the same thing: https://github.com/obviyus/pong https://github.com/obviyus/pong I found myself going to CloudPing often enough to make a CLI for it
- lhousa 2y agoI was just using this the other day: https://aws-latency-test.com/ https://aws-latency-test.com/
- bddicken 2y agoAuthor here - yeah, I came across that when I was digging for data I could use for this. It's cool.
- ram_rattle 2y agoreally cool tool, thanks for building this.
- bddicken 2y agoAuthor here - thank you!
- curtisf 2y agoObviously the biggest contribution to latency is distance. But there's also some close-ish regions with poor latency because there's not fiber running directly between them (for example, over the poles) Are there an examples of regions which dramatically violate the triangle equality? (That is, where the A--C latency is much worse than the best A--B + B--C latencies)? Just as a curiosity, could you use that idea to "infer" which data-centers are most likely directly connected by fiber, and show only the likely fiber connections?
- llm_trw 2y agoYou can just look at the map of fiber optic cables around the world: https://www.submarinecablemap.com/ https://www.submarinecablemap.com/ It's highly unlikely there are any non-disclosed undersea ones since they cost rather a lot to lay down.
- defrost 2y ago> It's highly unlikely there are any .. Going back decades when a billion US was real money the original NSA (No Such Agency) that essentially no one had ever heard of, including most of the US houses and much of the defence committees that had clearance but not that clearance, had a 4 Billion+ budget for "off-book" satellites. Black cables are a damn sight cheaper than black satellites.
- curtisf 2y agoYes, although I think it would also clean up the visualization, since you wouldn't have nearly so many lines connecting data centers which actually aren't connected; and it would therefore also be explanatory
- kqr 2y ago> Are there an examples of regions which dramatically violate the triangle equality? (That is, where the A--C latency is much worse than the best A--B + B--C latencies)? I don't think this would happen at a significant scale, due to how routing works. If taking the "detour" through B is how the ICMP packets get there cheapest, that's the path they will go. If anything, we could look at where A–C is nearly equal to A–B + B–C and find where such a thing has happened. I suppose it could happen for reasons other than lack of fiber: financially better peering agreements, etc?
- david241103 2y ago[flagged]
- david241103 2y ago[flagged]
- cedws 2y agoTechnically speaking those aren’t datacenters, they’re regions. AWS regions can have multiple AZs, and each AZ can have multiple datacenters spread around a city, each with different latency characteristics. This is completely opaque to customers, you don’t really get to choose which one you’re in. There are ways to gain info about it though. This is way outdated now but gives a rough idea: https://wikileaks.org/amazon-atlas/document/AmazonAtlas_v1/AmazonAtlas_v1.pdf https://wikileaks.org/amazon-atlas/document/AmazonAtlas_v1/A... Source: did some latency work for a market maker.
- Hikikomori 2y agoFor inter region latency the difference is negligible.
- solarkennedy 2y agoI did a graphviz visualization of cross-az latency for all azs here https://xkyle.com/Measuring-AWS-Region-and-AZ-Latency/ https://xkyle.com/Measuring-AWS-Region-and-AZ-Latency/ (gosh, 4 years old now)
- reincoder 2y agoAs we operate 720+ servers running ping and traceroute continously, I will try to see if we can publish intra provider or intra asn latency data like this but on a massive scale. We have a ton measurement internally but to publish them as a product or even as a web dashboard is tricky as it is hard to measure what the interest could be.
- goodpoint 2y ago[flagged]
- teleforce 2y agoThere're three certainties in life death, tax and network latencies.
- tonnydourado 2y agoAnd off-by-one errors =P
- reisse 2y agoCool, but information about what links were used would be nice. I assume it's latencies for default AWS links, which you likely won't use if you _care_ about the latency.
- bddicken 2y agoAuthor here - The data used was scraped from https://cloudping.co https://cloudping.co. You can find more info on the GitHub repo: https://github.com/mda590/cloudping.co https://github.com/mda590/cloudping.co.
- CSDude 2y agoI worked at a military company and we made a SIEM tool to use at government facilities. Our Director, which was an ex-colonel at Miltiary IT, found that login screen is too plain and we need to have a world spinning. So we've implemented the end of Terminator 3 nukes over globe screen in WebGL to please him. This reminds me of it. Anyways, although this looks cool, it'd be much more easily understandable in a 2d map instead of a rotating one.
- billybet 2y agoIs there any oss software which replicates that ping grid/table where you can have multiple sensors feeding information back to get an overview of latency on your own network?
- tonnydourado 2y agoI thought Australia sucked until I checked the latencies for South America and South Africa. Not a single "good" latency link =)
- CountVonGuetzli 2y agoIt would be really cool if it didn't just show the ping, but how much worse it is compared to the theoretical optimum (speed of light in fiber optic medium, which I believe is about 30% slower than c). I raise this because I've been in multiple system architecture meetings where people were complaining about latency between data centers, only to later realize that it was pretty close to what is theoretically possible in the first place.
- londons_explore 2y agoclicking around that map, I don't see any examples where the latency is a long way out of line with the distance. Obviously it's theoretically possible to do ~40% better by using hollow fibers and as-the-crow-flies fiber routing, but few are willing to pay for that.
- sebzim4500 2y agoThe 'practical' way to beat fiber optics is to use either (i) a series of overground direct microwave connections (often used by trading firms) (ii) a series of laser links between low altitude satellites. This would be faster in principle for long distances, and presumably Starlink will eventually offer this service to people that are very latency sensitive
- sandworm101 2y agoLow-bandwidth/low-latency people tend to also demand high reliability and consistency. A low-orbit satellite network might be fast but, because sats move to quickly, cannot be consistent in that speed. Sats also won't ever connect data centers other than perhaps for administrative stuff. The bandwidth/reliability/growth potential just isn't there compared to bundles of traditional fiber.
- sebzim4500 2y agoThere's definitely a few billion a year in revenue for Starlink if they sell very low latency, medium bandwidth connections between Asia, the US, Europe and Australia to trading firms. Even if the reliability is much worse than fiber.
- tmalsburg2 2y agoVery roughly 1/3 of the speed of light. One third is lost to the physical medium it seems. What accounts of the remaining third and how much could be plausibly shaved off of it?
- Aeolun 2y agoI think the lines the data goes through are unfortunately not quite as straight as they appear in this visualization. Nor is it light all the way.
- jedberg 2y agoUndersea cable routing. For example there are no undersea cables from Ireland to the European continent. All that traffic has to land in England first and go through a few routers to get sent on its way. South America and Africa are even worse in that regard. Very few if any direct links.
- fauria 2y agoSome AWS data center latencies, there are many missing: https://aws.amazon.com/about-aws/global-infrastructure https://aws.amazon.com/about-aws/global-infrastructure
- makestuff 2y agoIt is insane to see this and conceptualize that you can send data across the world and back in under 500ms. Imagine telling someone that 100 years ago.
- bddicken 2y agoAuthor here - it is quite cool.
- mrguyorama 2y agoActually it's been just about 100 years since we've been able to do this. Someone 100 years ago who you told this to would probably respond "I know, isn't it impressive!"
- paulkrush 2y agoIt's cool you can look at 1/2 of the earth and see only one data center and one link. ap-southeast-2 and it's only link is too far away to show.
- immibis 2y agoIt shows links to wherever you selected. Select this DC to see the latency between it and everywhere else.
- skeeter2020 2y agonot sure why you/source is missing ca-west-1?
- bddicken 2y agoAuthor here - The data came from https://cloudping.co https://cloudping.co, and the GitHub repo has not been updated in 4 years. See https://github.com/mda590/cloudping.co https://github.com/mda590/cloudping.co. Is that a newer data center? The CloudPing site is definitely missing a few.
- elAhmo 2y agoGreat visualisation and way of presenting info!
- bddicken 2y agoAuthor here - Thank you for the compliment.
- bane 2y agoCool visualization and concept. I do wish the colors were on a ramp instead of bucketed. The reason is that it makes 100ms look much worse than 99ms, but equal to 200ms. If you click on us-east-1, for example, the latency to the data centers in Western Europe look quite different with eu-central-1 and eu-south-1 looking completely different even though the latency is only around 9ms difference and eu-north-1 and ap-south-1 look the same even though there's about a 88ms difference! There's some comments here also wondering about the best possible latency for speed of light vs what these measurements are. The problem with this is that c isn't the propagation velocity of information through fiber, it's some velocity well under c and depends on a number of different factors, many of which are unknowable, such as repeater latency and so on. In practice, the best theoretical value is no higher than 70% of c just measuring the velocity of light in a medium as c measures light in a vacuum.
- bddicken 2y agoAuthor here - The ramping is a really good idea. The current visualization makes a 90ms latency look "good" when in reality, thats totally unacceptable for many applications, especially for things where multiple round-trips need to happen to fulfill a request.
- whalesalad 2y agoWould be cool if there was a mode that showed YOUR latency to all the datacenters. That is what I assumed this would do initially.
- belter 2y agoPedantic but important: These are latencies between regions not data centers.
- yuliyp 2y agoNote that latencies between regions are subject to change: individual links can go down or become overloaded, resulting in traffic needing to take alternate (longer) paths. Unless you have a contract specifying a specific latency, you should still be prepared for things to slow down on occasion.
- DonnyV 2y agoIt would be great to have all major providers on here. With a history chart to compare all providers.
- jdthedisciple 2y agowhere did you get this 3D world model from? is it part of some common js lib?
- osigurdson 2y agoHouston, we need an AWS data center.
- osigurdson 2y agoIt is amazing how many people code without thinking about the speed of light.
- rodface 2y agoExcellent work! Would be very interested in something similar for Azure.
- anianroid 2y agoWow! This is so cool. Thank you so much for sharing! I used my own tool Livedocs to visualize the same and here are the results. https://livedocs.com/livedocs/aws-latencies-3f2fefd5-f45d-4857-a956-ce0871e5a656 https://livedocs.com/livedocs/aws-latencies-3f2fefd5-f45d-48...
- SergeAx 2y agoSo, there's no good fallback for `sa-east-1`...