I wouldn't necessarily consider it a deal breaker - just something to be aware of. National/Banking id/2fa would be a deal breaker probably - all infrastructur

I wouldn't necessarily consider it a deal breaker - just something to be aware of. National/Banking id/2fa would be a deal breaker probably - all infrastructure is built around smartphone apps now - and it's a challenge to find an alternative (ie hardware token issued by the bank). There nominally is a national id system with printed 2fa codes - but my impression is that it is fading in favour of the banking id system. Except for a few government services like social security, where it remains a viable alternative. For online payments, with a credit/debit card the banking id 2fa system is practically required to spend money online. So basically it's a situation where you need the smartphone anyway, but wallet is optional.