3 ms·

> The vast majority of the microbes that were detected do not cause disease in healthy people, with the exception of Staphylococcus aureus. Some of the bathroom

> The vast majority of the microbes that were detected do not cause disease in healthy people, with the exception of Staphylococcus aureus. Some of the bathroom bacteria, such as Acinetobacter, only cause infections in people in the hospital, or in those with weak immune systems. The others that were found are relatively harmless. > In addition, air from real-world bathrooms may contain fewer bacteria than the bathrooms in the study. The sampled restrooms were located in a university health sciences building, and at least some of the bacteria came from experiments going on in laboratories within the building.

Scoundreller 3y ago
On the topic of unfortunate mingling with research, for an AIDS drug, ritonavir, it can come in multiple crystalline forms. But this was unknown. For years manufacturers only knew about and produced “Form 1” without issue for years until “Form 2” showed up out of nowhere. Maybe from a lab studying it, who knows. But once it’s out, as it’s more stable, it’s preferred! It “infected” a key manufacturing plant with it, and the batches kept showing up in that form. And cleaning it away is virtually impossible. > And Form Two went everywhere. Within days of identifying Form Two, the company’s analytical lab could only make that form of the drug. The bulk drug coming off the production line in Chicago turned out to be contaminated before it ever went in to the capsules. Staff from Chicago were sent to an uncontaminated production line in Italy to find out if they were doing anything differently. Within weeks, that line was producing Form Two as well. As it’s more stable, it means it doesn’t dissolve as well, but is also favoured. That’s bad news if you want a pill that dissolves in your stomach (or in this case, in the liquid capsules), or need an injectable solution. https://www.chemistryworld.com/podcasts/ritonavir/4011593.article https://www.chemistryworld.com/podcasts/ritonavir/4011593.ar... The (fear-mongering chaser?): > This wasn’t the first drug to show unexpected polymorphism. And it certainly wouldn’t be the last. Research published in 2018 suggests that a more stable polymorph is waiting to be created for about fifteen to fifty percent of all drugs.
- s1artibartfast 3y ago
  My skepticism has turned to wonder. here are the technical details: https://cmbe.engr.uga.edu/bche4520/Other/Ch9/Bauer%202001.pdf https://cmbe.engr.uga.edu/bche4520/Other/Ch9/Bauer%202001.pd...
- pests 3y ago
  Absolutely nuts. The fact some common drug or chemical could just change out from right underneith us one day is a weird feeling.
jolmg 3y ago
> do not cause disease in healthy people, with the exception of Staphylococcus aureus I'm no biologist, but surely as with (most?) bacteria that depends on whether your immune system is regularly exposed to it or not, right? Cursory search tells me: > Staphylococcus aureus [...] is a usual member of the microbiota of the body, frequently found in the upper respiratory tract and on the skin. [...] Although S. aureus usually acts as a commensal of the human microbiota, it can also become an opportunistic pathogen, being a common cause of skin infections including abscesses --- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Staphylococcus_aureus https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Staphylococcus_aureus > An opportunistic infection is an infection caused by pathogens [...] that take advantage of an opportunity not normally available. These opportunities can stem from a variety of sources, such as a weakened immune system --- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opportunistic_infection https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opportunistic_infection Wonder how it's an exception.
- jszymborski 3y ago
  S. aureus has antibiotic resistant strains (MRSA) and results in many deaths each year, particularly in hospitals https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methicillin-resistant_Staphylococcus_aureus https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methicillin-resistant_Staphylo...

Scoundreller 3y ago

On the topic of unfortunate mingling with research, for an AIDS drug, ritonavir, it can come in multiple crystalline forms. But this was unknown. For years manufacturers only knew about and produced “Form 1” without issue for years until “Form 2” showed up out of nowhere. Maybe from a lab studying it, who knows. But once it’s out, as it’s more stable, it’s preferred! It “infected” a key manufacturing plant with it, and the batches kept showing up in that form. And cleaning it away is virtually impossible. > And Form Two went everywhere. Within days of identifying Form Two, the company’s analytical lab could only make that form of the drug. The bulk drug coming off the production line in Chicago turned out to be contaminated before it ever went in to the capsules. Staff from Chicago were sent to an uncontaminated production line in Italy to find out if they were doing anything differently. Within weeks, that line was producing Form Two as well. As it’s more stable, it means it doesn’t dissolve as well, but is also favoured. That’s bad news if you want a pill that dissolves in your stomach (or in this case, in the liquid capsules), or need an injectable solution. https://www.chemistryworld.com/podcasts/ritonavir/4011593.article https://www.chemistryworld.com/podcasts/ritonavir/4011593.ar... The (fear-mongering chaser?): > This wasn’t the first drug to show unexpected polymorphism. And it certainly wouldn’t be the last. Research published in 2018 suggests that a more stable polymorph is waiting to be created for about fifteen to fifty percent of all drugs.

s1artibartfast 3y ago
My skepticism has turned to wonder. here are the technical details: https://cmbe.engr.uga.edu/bche4520/Other/Ch9/Bauer%202001.pdf https://cmbe.engr.uga.edu/bche4520/Other/Ch9/Bauer%202001.pd...
pests 3y ago
Absolutely nuts. The fact some common drug or chemical could just change out from right underneith us one day is a weird feeling.

jolmg 3y ago

> do not cause disease in healthy people, with the exception of Staphylococcus aureus I'm no biologist, but surely as with (most?) bacteria that depends on whether your immune system is regularly exposed to it or not, right? Cursory search tells me: > Staphylococcus aureus [...] is a usual member of the microbiota of the body, frequently found in the upper respiratory tract and on the skin. [...] Although S. aureus usually acts as a commensal of the human microbiota, it can also become an opportunistic pathogen, being a common cause of skin infections including abscesses --- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Staphylococcus_aureus https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Staphylococcus_aureus > An opportunistic infection is an infection caused by pathogens [...] that take advantage of an opportunity not normally available. These opportunities can stem from a variety of sources, such as a weakened immune system --- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opportunistic_infection https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opportunistic_infection Wonder how it's an exception.

jszymborski 3y ago
S. aureus has antibiotic resistant strains (MRSA) and results in many deaths each year, particularly in hospitals https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methicillin-resistant_Staphylococcus_aureus https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methicillin-resistant_Staphylo...