Sigh... > with an entire TV channel watched by 60 million daily screaming that your very existence hurts the country, and plenty of grandmas taking that to hea

Sigh... > with an entire TV channel watched by 60 million daily screaming that your very existence hurts the country, and plenty of grandmas taking that to heart Just say the name next time, I think it's obvious whom you are referring to. It's also obvious replies to your assertions are off topic in part because of this part of your reply. So here's my list of what the article suggests cause large construction projects to go over budget. > SUMMARY: > It’s a tale as old as civil engineering: A megaproject is sold to the public as a grand solution to a serious problem. Planning and design get underway, permits issued, budgets allocated (that took a lot longer than we expect), construction starts, and then there are more problems! Work is delayed, expenses balloon, and when all the dust settles, it’s a lot less clear whether the project’s benefits were really worth the costs. > REASONS: > underestimation > limit in design prevents accurate overall estimation > subcontracting availability > subcontracting sufficiency > subcontracting estimation (bids) > missed pre-construction costs > inflation of labor and materials > course correcting takes longer on big projects > stakeholder compromises > not taking exploratory work into account > opportunistic greed > ...but that's not nearly as common as: "just too darned optimistic and short-sighted" The suggested solution from the source, as the author points out, is to spend more time in design and planning. ref: https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/megaprojects-and-risk/78B4E0A8FDBEC72919B832D33BECF083 https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/megaprojects-and-risk/7... As far as software, that suggests waterfall like planning could give you a better estimation on total project expenditure. But delivery has won that battle, I think. Maybe as our industry contracts (layoffs and svb) we'll see a push towards that kind of project estimation too?