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For reference, level 3 is not exactly well-defined; the main requirements for level 3 over a level 2 system are[0][1]: - OEDR is required, which is "monitoring
by judge2020 4y ago
For reference, level 3 is not exactly well-defined; the main requirements for level 3 over a level 2 system are[0][1]:
- OEDR is required, which is "monitoring the driving environment (detecting, recognizing, and classifying objects and events and preparing to respond as needed) and executing an appropriate response to such objects and events (i.e., as needed to complete the DDT and/or DDT fallback [fallback to driver])".
- for DDT fallback, "At Level 3, an ADS is capable of continuing to perform the DDT for at least several seconds after providing the
fallback-ready user with a request to intervene. The DDT fallback-ready user is then expected to resume manual
vehicle operation, or to achieve a minimal risk condition if s/he determines it to be necessary." It also mentions a scenario like a blown tire, disappearing lane lines, or a malfunctioning sensor/spatial input device.
- "DDT performance by a Level 3 ADS assumes that a fallback-ready user is available to perform the DDT as
required. There is no such assumption at Levels 4 and 5."
- "A Level 3 highway overtaking assistance feature automatically performs the lateral and longitudinal vehicle
motion control actions, as well as associated OEDR, necessary to pass a slower-moving vehicle on a
multi-lane highway when activated by the driver or fallback-ready user." .
Otherwise, the ODD (operational design domain, ie. what conditions the level 3 system can perform in) is entirely defined by the manufacturer. The document includes low speed traffic as an example of level 3 operation:
> A Level 3 traffic jam feature performs the complete DDT on a fully access-controlled freeway in dense traffic,
but requires a human driver to operate the vehicle upon ODD exit (e.g., when traffic clears, as well as before
entering the congested freeway, and again upon exiting it).
Some other goodies:
- level 4 "May delay user-requested disengagement", and level 4 may still have ODD, although it cannot assume a driver fallback is available
DDT = dynamic driving task
ADS = automated driving system
0: https://www.sae.org/blog/sae-j3016-update https://www.sae.org/blog/sae-j3016-update
1: https://www.sae.org/standards/content/j3016_202104/ https://www.sae.org/standards/content/j3016_202104/
- andreareina 4y agoThe key feature of L3 is that the driver doesn’t have to be attentive all the time. Exactly what road conditions allow for L3 is much less important.
- Dylan16807 4y agoI look at level 2 through level 4 as a spectrum of how much warning a driver gets before they have to take over. Level 2 is 0 seconds; the driver has to watch constantly. Level 4 is indefinite, or alternatively we could say "minutes". The car can pull over if necessary. For this particular level 3 system, it's 10 seconds. That seems pretty reasonable for level 3. And as you said, the ODD of levels 3 and 4 is entirely up to the manufacturer. Only level 5 has a domain by definition, which is matching human ability.
- tialaramex 4y agoEven your Level 5 domain is dubious as I've written before. Jim would drive in a blizzard, some Level 5 car refuses to drive in a blizzard. Is the car faulty by this definition or is Jim a lunatic ? I think it's probably Jim. I think Level 4 is clearer because it's closer to public transit. Somebody else (the machine) is driving, so if I'm day dreaming, or indeed asleep, nothing bad happens. I can listen to tunes, have an argument with someone, breast feed a baby, whatever, the driver is driving the car, I'm just a passenger. As I understand it, there's no reason you'd need a Driving License to ride in a Waymo for example. Waymo is driving, you're in the back like a cab, why would you need a license?
- lp0_on_fire 4y ago> As I understand it, there's no reason you'd need a Driving License to ride in a Waymo for example. Waymo is driving, you're in the back like a cab, why would you need a license? You "need" a license and insurance because Waymo and other self-driving companies will never ever allow a scenario where they're liable for accidents. They'll move heaven and earth to prevent it.
- Koemul 4y agoDo you have any source that you need a license and insurance to ride with a Waymo car? Because according to the Waymo One public service rules [1] you need to be 18 or older to use the app and order a Waymo, but they don't mention anything about requiring a license or insurance. It would also be a weird requirement, since you sit in the back and couldn't control the car even if you wanted to. [1] https://support.google.com/waymo/answer/9197501?hl=en https://support.google.com/waymo/answer/9197501?hl=en
- nelox 4y agoIt is well-defined given its scope as a taxonomical classification, rather than a technical specification. From the opening paragraph [0]: “This document does not provide specifications, or otherwise impose requirements on, driving automation systems (for further elaboration, see 8.1). [1]: “8.1 This document is not a specification and imposes no requirements. This document provides a logical taxonomy for classifying driving automation features (and ADS-equipped vehicles), along with a set of terms and definitions that support the taxonomy and otherwise standardize related concepts, terms and usage in order to facilitate clear communications. As such, it is a convention based upon reasoned agreement, rather than a technical specification.“ 0: https://saemobilus.sae.org/download/?fileFormat=pdf&cid=1000434983#page1 https://saemobilus.sae.org/download/?fileFormat=pdf&cid=1000... 1: https://saemobilus.sae.org/download/?fileFormat=pdf&cid=1000434983#page36 https://saemobilus.sae.org/download/?fileFormat=pdf&cid=1000...