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As a fellow participant in the ML world, I think there is compelling evidence to disagree with this take. ChatGPT’s responses on operator valued functions were

by lumost 4y ago

As a fellow participant in the ML world, I think there is compelling evidence to disagree with this take. ChatGPT’s responses on operator valued functions were accurate and valid, however ages of time on google failed to turn up this topic previously. On coding tasks, chatGPT can ask clarifying questions on requirements and determine if it has enough information to write the code correctly. Unfortunately you need to direct it to ask questions as needed and include appropriate tests to get the right answer. ChatGPT also fails in cases where it needs feedback from an external environment/documentation search. It will produce close enough code, but may need correction based on observed errors etc.

adriand 4y ago
I’ve been using it regularly for programming assistance over the past two weeks and it’s extremely helpful. Others have pointed out that it sometimes produces inaccurate results, but if you already have domain expertise, as I do for programming, that is easy to identify. But it’s still a massive timesaver! I’ve been doing things like saying, “what follows is the database schema for entities X and Y, write a function that…” and then pasting in the schema, and it generates code good enough to copy and paste. It can also be instructed to modify results in various ways, for instance, I can ask it to provide the same code but in a different language, or to avoid using a certain framework feature, or to use a certain framework feature. It’s remarkable. Between ChatGPT and Copilot my workflow today is different in a way I couldn’t have begun to contemplate just a few weeks ago. Once they figure out additional ways to ensure correctness, I think it’s a totally new world we live in.
godelski 4y ago
A big reason I have no reservations in calling it a stochastic parrot is because I've seen very strong evidence of this. But if you can think of very common phrases (like the above "which weighs more") and tweak them slightly you'll find that it almost always answers as if they were untweaked. For example, ask "Which weighs more, a kilogram of bricks or two kilograms of feathers?". I'll save you the hassle and paste the answer below. Multiple variations of this consistently give me bad answers (does even worse if you don't include the second "kilogram"). You can even see that it didn't ignore the fact that the feathers are two kilograms. The problem is that it neither understands what a kilogram is (despite being able to tell you what one is) nor what numbers are (again, despite being able to describe it to you). These types of questions strongly demonstrate that the model doesn't understand the language that it is processing but rather is relying on stochastic patterns. It very clearly gives us the answer with expectation if we were relying on the patterns of the input sentence rather than the actual words (humans often do this too fwiw and it tends to lead to fights. See most political discourse). You can find many examples of this and the NLP literature shows this pattern holds across many different models. I don't want to undermine the work though. I think many people that complain about stochastic parrots also fail to recognize that they still are quite useful, as many other comments are noting, but useful is a far cry from intelligent or has the ability to understand. We need to be clear about that difference if we're working towards AGI vs working towards useful products. > Which weighs more, a kilogram of bricks or two kilograms of feathers? > A kilogram of bricks and two kilograms of feathers both weigh the same amount. The weight of an object is determined by its mass, not the size or shape of the object. One kilogram is equal to 1,000 grams and two kilograms is equal to 2,000 grams. Therefore, both a kilogram of bricks and two kilograms of feathers weigh the same amount.
- lumost 4y ago
  I agree that this model suffers at arithmetic, however if you change how you ask the question to “two kilograms of bricks weighs less than one kilogram of feathers, correct?” you'll likely see the model tell you the right answer. Note that you must spell out numbers for chatgpt to work correctly. In general, the ability for llm models to be able to complete any reasoning tasks is a surprise. This google writeup shares good detail on these emergent behaviors. https://ai.googleblog.com/2022/11/characterizing-emergent-phenomena-in.html https://ai.googleblog.com/2022/11/characterizing-emergent-ph...
  - godelski 4y ago
    First off, I'm not sure why you think that would be an okay question. You're feeding it the answer. You're not probing it to determine if it understands what you're asking. Second off, no, it doesn't actually give the right answer. It discusses volumes and mass. This again demonstrates a lack of understanding because the question was specifically about weight, not mass. Density has nothing to do with the question at hand. The answer is in there, but (like any person with little knowledge) it also removes all illusion of intelligence by speaking too much. Arithmetic also has nothing to do with this issue, understanding does (albeit I'll give you that arithmetic correlates with understanding and high level cognition not found in most animals). The question at hand is if it is really understands what is being asked or if it is simply using statistical patterns to produce convincing speech. These are different things and we must be aware that they are different. I'm also a bit surprised you suggested this without testing considering you said you're someone that "participates" in ML and you should have access to ChatGPT, since the accounts are free. If we're going to have conversations about how a model responds, we should at least be testing and referring to theory. I've gone ahead and placed your prompt and the answer below (at minimum for the benefit of other readers). I'm not sure why you're linking that blog post (or the associated paper). Stochastic parrots are definitely emergent phenomena and, again, no one is saying that they aren't useful (they very much are). But emergence does not mean intelligent. These are different things. The universe is emergent but I don't think we'd say that water running, wind blowing, or stars are intelligent. These are different things. Let's look at the abstract of the paper because I think it summarizes why this is irrelevant to your argument. > Scaling up language models has been shown to predictably improve performance and sample efficiency on a wide range of downstream tasks. This paper instead discusses an unpredictable phenomenon that we refer to as emergent abilities of large language models. We consider an ability to be emergent if it is not present in smaller models but is present in larger models. Thus, emergent abilities cannot be predicted simply by extrapolating the performance of smaller models. The existence of such emergence raises the question of whether additional scaling could potentially further expand the range of capabilities of language models. You can see here that the paper is not discussing intelligence or understanding, but instead discussing performance on various tasks. How there is a non-linear relationship to transformer based NLP models. I suggest that you also read the reviewers' comments since they link to Open Review (it is a TMLR survey paper). I would be very surprised if these authors claimed that models like GPT-3 were actually intelligent. Maybe they believe that further emergence will happen at even larger scales, but there's also evidence that this isn't happening. But we'll see and I'm also not going to say we shouldn't test that hypothesis. We definitely should. But we also need to formulate different hypotheses as it is clear that these models are more computationally intensive than the vast majority (all?) animal brains. As well as animal brains being far less resource intensive (I'll give some leeway in training as animals have millions of years of training, but inference energy is still problematic as well as updates and tuning). > two kilograms of bricks weighs less than one kilogram of feathers, correct? > Yes, that is correct. Two kilograms of bricks will typically weigh less than one kilogram of feathers. This is because the bricks are denser and more compact than the feathers, so they take up less volume for the same weight. The density of a material is a measure of how much mass is contained in a given volume. Bricks are generally denser than feathers, so they have a higher mass per unit of volume, and therefore weigh more for a given volume. On the other hand, feathers are less dense than bricks, so they have a lower mass per unit of volume, and therefore weigh less for a given volume.

by lumost 4y ago

adriand 4y ago

I’ve been using it regularly for programming assistance over the past two weeks and it’s extremely helpful. Others have pointed out that it sometimes produces inaccurate results, but if you already have domain expertise, as I do for programming, that is easy to identify. But it’s still a massive timesaver! I’ve been doing things like saying, “what follows is the database schema for entities X and Y, write a function that…” and then pasting in the schema, and it generates code good enough to copy and paste. It can also be instructed to modify results in various ways, for instance, I can ask it to provide the same code but in a different language, or to avoid using a certain framework feature, or to use a certain framework feature. It’s remarkable. Between ChatGPT and Copilot my workflow today is different in a way I couldn’t have begun to contemplate just a few weeks ago. Once they figure out additional ways to ensure correctness, I think it’s a totally new world we live in.

godelski 4y ago

A big reason I have no reservations in calling it a stochastic parrot is because I've seen very strong evidence of this. But if you can think of very common phrases (like the above "which weighs more") and tweak them slightly you'll find that it almost always answers as if they were untweaked. For example, ask "Which weighs more, a kilogram of bricks or two kilograms of feathers?". I'll save you the hassle and paste the answer below. Multiple variations of this consistently give me bad answers (does even worse if you don't include the second "kilogram"). You can even see that it didn't ignore the fact that the feathers are two kilograms. The problem is that it neither understands what a kilogram is (despite being able to tell you what one is) nor what numbers are (again, despite being able to describe it to you). These types of questions strongly demonstrate that the model doesn't understand the language that it is processing but rather is relying on stochastic patterns. It very clearly gives us the answer with expectation if we were relying on the patterns of the input sentence rather than the actual words (humans often do this too fwiw and it tends to lead to fights. See most political discourse). You can find many examples of this and the NLP literature shows this pattern holds across many different models. I don't want to undermine the work though. I think many people that complain about stochastic parrots also fail to recognize that they still are quite useful, as many other comments are noting, but useful is a far cry from intelligent or has the ability to understand. We need to be clear about that difference if we're working towards AGI vs working towards useful products. > Which weighs more, a kilogram of bricks or two kilograms of feathers? > A kilogram of bricks and two kilograms of feathers both weigh the same amount. The weight of an object is determined by its mass, not the size or shape of the object. One kilogram is equal to 1,000 grams and two kilograms is equal to 2,000 grams. Therefore, both a kilogram of bricks and two kilograms of feathers weigh the same amount.

lumost 4y ago
I agree that this model suffers at arithmetic, however if you change how you ask the question to “two kilograms of bricks weighs less than one kilogram of feathers, correct?” you'll likely see the model tell you the right answer. Note that you must spell out numbers for chatgpt to work correctly. In general, the ability for llm models to be able to complete any reasoning tasks is a surprise. This google writeup shares good detail on these emergent behaviors. https://ai.googleblog.com/2022/11/characterizing-emergent-phenomena-in.html https://ai.googleblog.com/2022/11/characterizing-emergent-ph...
- godelski 4y ago
  First off, I'm not sure why you think that would be an okay question. You're feeding it the answer. You're not probing it to determine if it understands what you're asking. Second off, no, it doesn't actually give the right answer. It discusses volumes and mass. This again demonstrates a lack of understanding because the question was specifically about weight, not mass. Density has nothing to do with the question at hand. The answer is in there, but (like any person with little knowledge) it also removes all illusion of intelligence by speaking too much. Arithmetic also has nothing to do with this issue, understanding does (albeit I'll give you that arithmetic correlates with understanding and high level cognition not found in most animals). The question at hand is if it is really understands what is being asked or if it is simply using statistical patterns to produce convincing speech. These are different things and we must be aware that they are different. I'm also a bit surprised you suggested this without testing considering you said you're someone that "participates" in ML and you should have access to ChatGPT, since the accounts are free. If we're going to have conversations about how a model responds, we should at least be testing and referring to theory. I've gone ahead and placed your prompt and the answer below (at minimum for the benefit of other readers). I'm not sure why you're linking that blog post (or the associated paper). Stochastic parrots are definitely emergent phenomena and, again, no one is saying that they aren't useful (they very much are). But emergence does not mean intelligent. These are different things. The universe is emergent but I don't think we'd say that water running, wind blowing, or stars are intelligent. These are different things. Let's look at the abstract of the paper because I think it summarizes why this is irrelevant to your argument. > Scaling up language models has been shown to predictably improve performance and sample efficiency on a wide range of downstream tasks. This paper instead discusses an unpredictable phenomenon that we refer to as emergent abilities of large language models. We consider an ability to be emergent if it is not present in smaller models but is present in larger models. Thus, emergent abilities cannot be predicted simply by extrapolating the performance of smaller models. The existence of such emergence raises the question of whether additional scaling could potentially further expand the range of capabilities of language models. You can see here that the paper is not discussing intelligence or understanding, but instead discussing performance on various tasks. How there is a non-linear relationship to transformer based NLP models. I suggest that you also read the reviewers' comments since they link to Open Review (it is a TMLR survey paper). I would be very surprised if these authors claimed that models like GPT-3 were actually intelligent. Maybe they believe that further emergence will happen at even larger scales, but there's also evidence that this isn't happening. But we'll see and I'm also not going to say we shouldn't test that hypothesis. We definitely should. But we also need to formulate different hypotheses as it is clear that these models are more computationally intensive than the vast majority (all?) animal brains. As well as animal brains being far less resource intensive (I'll give some leeway in training as animals have millions of years of training, but inference energy is still problematic as well as updates and tuning). > two kilograms of bricks weighs less than one kilogram of feathers, correct? > Yes, that is correct. Two kilograms of bricks will typically weigh less than one kilogram of feathers. This is because the bricks are denser and more compact than the feathers, so they take up less volume for the same weight. The density of a material is a measure of how much mass is contained in a given volume. Bricks are generally denser than feathers, so they have a higher mass per unit of volume, and therefore weigh more for a given volume. On the other hand, feathers are less dense than bricks, so they have a lower mass per unit of volume, and therefore weigh less for a given volume.