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Numbers that explain Intel’s decline
- mountainriver 4y agoTrying to restart an innovation engine in a large old company like this seems to be nearly impossible. I’ve been a part of a number of startups that were gobbled up by big co trying to innovate their business, and it always seems to fail. The problem I continually see is that in big companies anyone who sticks around and does “something” gets promoted. Over time as the good people leave you have a layer of of really bad managers and directors that just effectively block innovation. They’ve spent their careers being shills and are threatened by anyone innovating.
- marssaxman 4y agoI was part of a startup that was gobbled up by Intel trying to innovate their business. Their culture was slow-moving and process-heavy, which makes sense for precise, high-volume manufacturing, but for software development it felt like wading through glue. I had a good impression of management in the group we got acquired into (itself a previous acquisition), but some political conflict with a different group led to our project getting shelved anyway. I quit last year as part of a general exodus. I keep hearing Intel management saying the right things about what they're trying to do, but I think it will be a long slow process if it can work at all.
- Spooky23 4y agoThe stakes change. In a small growth org you need to succeed in doing something to survive. In a big org, you have to not fuck up.
- waboremo 4y agoI'd say for a big org the priority isn't "not fucking up", it's not objecting. In a small growth org, despite severe rank differences, you're likely to have some impact on direction if you disagree. In a big org, there is no impact. You either are the wavemaker or those gleefully riding the waves. It doesn't matter how many "we listen to everybody's opinion" there are in these big orgs, wavemakers simply keep a lot of key information to themselves which puts everyone else within at a huge disadvantage. This also causes innovative thinkers to propose ideas less, because they got burned that one time when a wavemaker shut them down with previously hidden information.
- majormajor 4y ago> I'd say for a big org the priority isn't "not fucking up", it's not objecting. At the organization's level it's "don't fuck up" since you're already making a lot of money and a lot of people's livelihoods are depending on that - the trick, if you're managing in a big org, is how to avoid that turning to a "don't disagree" culture before "not changing" turns into a bad thing instead of a good thing. I haven't figured out how to do that - or to work under people who also haven't - so I prefer small orgs.
- waboremo 4y agoI wonder if the "don't fuck up" principle at an organizational level really applies past a certain point. I think that's where a lot of the internal dilemmas stem from. Google as an example, they can "fuck up" tremendously on an organizational level, numerous failed products and services costing billions. Yet they still roll on, and even interns are very well aware not to do something catastrophically detrimental such as turning Google Search into a TikTok clone. There's just far too much momentum that fucking up should ever be a concern once you're at Google/Intel's level. So perhaps the fear of fucking up plays an integral role in creating this atmosphere of unchanging. When you're fearful, you're less likely to take risks in general, even if that fear is subconscious rather than active.
- bergenty 4y agoNext to impossible but not impossible. Steve Jobs did it with apple in recent memory.
- hungryforcodes 4y agoTrue, though that's because Apple basically bought NeXT, it's IP, OS, top executives and Jobs had learned alot about the mistakes he'd made. Also he was singularly driven and charismatic (like him or not). Basically it's as if Intel bought AMD and switched, but AMD had some visionary CEO that could lead Intel to victory. The days of Moore are over. Still I used to hate Intel, but now root for them. I guess I like underdogs.
- bergenty 4y agoI like underdogs and I like to buy American.
- hungryforcodes 4y agoNot sure why you are down voted.
- bergenty 4y agoProbably people uncomfortable with explicit nationalism.
- School-Cotton 4y agoLeaving aside the question of why you like to buy American… note that AMD is American too.
- MobiusHorizons 4y agoMy read is that people who like to "buy American" are often concerned with where the product is manufactured, as opposed to where the company is headquartered, or where the product was designed. On that score AMD is quite a bit less American made than Intel simply due to being fabricated it Taiwan and assembled in Malaysia (as far as I can find).
- danuker 4y agoToo bad industries of this size need insane amounts of capital to stay competitive.
- w-j-w 4y agoMany people complain about how good individual producers, but few talk about effective front-line managers being moved to where they are less effective. In organizations it's often assumed that the best managers need to be near the top of the org chart to spread their effectiveness as far as possible, but I contend that these great managers might be better off near producers in critical areas.
- cma 4y agoSince hierarchies are usually exponentially shrinking in headcount towards the top, this shouldn't have a significant impact numerically right?
- marcosdumay 4y agoVery competent people are pretty rare in large organizations, once you factor in their environment. Do you put your one best performing manager at the top or at your most impactful project? (I'm not sure about the answer, but I'm not sure it a real option exists either.)
- throwaway9870 4y agoIn a small organization, people usually succeed by being motivated by dream of success. In large organizations, people seem to succeed by fearing and avoid failure. That yields a very different organization.
- deleted 4y ago[deleted]
- gumby 4y ago> Trying to restart an innovation engine in a large old company like this seems to be nearly impossible. It's super hard and I've thought about it for years (even though I can't imagine working for a big company -- even with my own companies I leave when the headcount gets to about 200). But I've wondered if there's a kind of "hayflick limit" for corporations too. Consider Intel. One way to get the old spark back would be to simply start a new company. Takes a lot of capital and involves a lot of risk. The only tech company I know that does this well is Cisco; it's also emerged less intensively in pharma. Other than that, no. Second: Aggressively prune the product line, milk what cash cows you have, use the savings to invest heavily (including increasing compensation for those who remain, so they feel it's worth staying to be part of something growing). The advantage of this is that you ignore the deadweight problem you describe: it's too hard to root it out when you have a crisis, so just do it at a macro level. I've never seen this really be pulled off; the closet is late 90s Apple when everybody knew they were in an existential crisis and they had enough emotional commitment to keep enough people on board (since they couldn't afford to do the "raise compensation" path right away). Actually a not bad example is a company called Intel when Grove cut away the cash cow, memory, replacing it with the unproven CPU business because he could see memory rapidly becoming a commodity boat anchor. But that Intel was a much smaller company, with the founders still around, in a immature market. And it was a bet the company manoevre. The prune-and-milk (mixed metaphor) requires a compelling vision that includes an extreme sense of urgency. Elop's "burning platform" memo at Nokia tried to give the sense of urgency but had no compelling vision beyond "the company needs to make money in order to survive". Gelsinger did a good job of setting out a coherent vision, but is it compelling enough to get good people to join & stay? I doubt it. (The reason for the "milk" part of the approach is because while you're in the shit, even if you are digging your way out, most of the public articles will be like the submission we are discussing, which makes execution harder). But in general, apart from a big pool of money and a legacy customer base, why would you try this with a big, cumbersome company when you could just do a startup? That's what Cisco honed in the 90s and still does: I think the company needs to invest in new tech X using approach Y, but that would threaten the revenues of some existing product line. You think tech X is great but approach Z is better. We both quit and start companies (sometimes Cisco even invests in later rounds). Eventually it turns out that one of us was right. That company gets bought (big bonus for the founders, who rejoin Cisco) and the founders of the one that didn't win also can get their jobs back (maybe through a small acquisition so they get a small bonus for their risk taking). This allows them to compensate innovators outside the normal process (which doesn't piss off the MBA VPs), allow some competing technological developments, and keeps them big. I don't know if that process is as big and institutionalized as it was in the Chambers/Volpe days, but it was super smart.
- hw 4y agoOr the acquisition was meant to take over / replace an existing product and those working on the existing product had no idea, and what happens is continued misalignment, pushbacks, conflicts and years go by with nothing being done.
- akulbe 4y agoThere was an post on HN a couple days ago about Intel starting to charge for CPU usage. https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=33717331 https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=33717331 <-- here it is. IMO - it's crap like this that's contributing to Intel's decline. Go ARM, go!! EDIT: fixed link
- williadc 4y agoSomehow the comparison table is missing TSMC, which grew revenue 48%. I looked around for Samsung Foundry revenue but couldn't find anything recent.
- squaredot 4y agoI miss that the comparison is made only on the base of growth, without mentioning the absolute size of the companies, or the volume of their sales.
- abetusk 4y agoWow, this sounds like jingoistic, revisionist history. I don't claim to know the details but I certainly don't trust this article to be objective. One alternate theory I've heard is that Intel bet big either keeping the feature size it was (7nm?) or on a process that was less speculative and risky than the process that ultimately got put in place to make sub 7nm chips a reality now. In other words they failed to innovate. The demand for chips has only increased, even if the article is suggesting that "PC sales are down". Moore's law has kept pace even if CPUs have been stagnant (hint: s/C/G/).
- adrian_b 4y agoIntel's problems have been much greater than "failing to innovate". During many years, it looks like the Intel CPU design teams have been designing for imaginary manufacturing processes, which have never been implemented. The Cannon Lake and Ice Lake CPU generations must have been designed for such imaginary processes, because if the parameters of the processes that have been actually used for their fabrication would have been known in advance, those projects would have been canceled already some years before their finalization (because the first 2 versions of the Intel 10 nm process have been much worse than their old 14 nm process, so they should have never been used in commercial products and no manufacturing plants should have been converted for them), saving a lot of money. Only with the manufacturing process used for Tiger Lake, starting in Q4 2020, Intel has restored the appearance of being able to predict how their designs will work. During the years 2015 to 2019, when Cannon Lake and Ice Lake have been designed, someone from those in charge with the developing the Intel manufacturing processes must have told continuously lies to the other divisions about what parameters will be true for their future manufacturing process. Some of those lies have also been told in public, because Intel has published a few presentations about their 10 nm process, which supposedly worked perfectly. There is a very large difference between just being unable to find a way to improve a manufacturing process and claiming that the process that will be available next year will have a certain set of improved parameters, despite knowing that you do not have the foggiest idea about how such parameters might be achieved, and making thus the company spend many billions for developing products based on the fake set of parameters and for converting manufacturing plants to implement the fake manufacturing processes. I wonder if it will ever be known who were those guilty of Intel's problems, because they have caused losses of many billions, while in other places someone who causes losses of a few thousands might be fired immediately.
- eulers_secret 4y agoI quit Intel after working there for a decade. The open source work they did (still do in some cases) was great and I loved it. I couldn’t stand supporting products that would come out “whenever” and would be marginally improved or not at all. 14nm++++++ was a joke. Our customers hated us so much. It was obvious in calls. I got the feeling that Pat G cares, but I think fixing Intel is like changing the orbit of a planet. That said, all my managers were awesome and the people were great. Sadly, having so much experience at Intel is almost a red flag on my resume.
- ahartmetz 4y agoThe best 14nm++++++ joke I've seen was at SemiAccurate: Tick-Tock-Tock-Tock-Sproing
- iforgotpassword 4y agoSide tangent, what about that revenue graph where Singapore is second. I can see China being number one just through size, but is every Singaporean buying ten PCs a year? Or is there some huge OEM based in Singapore that's just evaded my mind?
- yvdriess 4y agoOne explanation I heard is that the Singapore market is the gateway to other asian markers.
- AnotherGoodName 4y agoI still can't believe we don't have an explanation of why they can't match Samsung and TSMC in node size despite all 3 using ASML machines to do the lithography. Outside of the lithography machines which are all the same what is Intel doing wrong in terms of industrial process? Is it the pellicle which I know does vary by manufacturer? Why haven't they adapted by now?
- wmf 4y agoThe equipment is a small part of the fab process; the materials and process steps are critical and every fab is a little different. For example, Intel has been using cobalt wires while others use copper; this may or may not have contributed to Intel's problems.
- AnotherGoodName 4y agoI do understand that but I still want to know some specific examples. I'm expecting stories to come out at some point in the future of dysfunction that's preventing Intel from simply implementing similar processes as their competitors. And yes I understand the competitors probably have trade secrets but they've been at least a step behind in process for so long now. 14nm when others had 7nm and just starting 7nm when others have 5nm. Hell there's already some 3nm TSMC stuff coming. The whole ++++++++ debacle was ridiculous. At this point there has to be some major dysfunction. Are there senior people there with pet projects and adamant viewpoints that can't change? I'm expecting something along the lines of an execs insisting that cobalt conductors and liquid pellicles are the only way despite competitors kicking their ass by doing it differently. And if there are such stories to be told I'm rather shocked that no one at Intel's addressing the issues. There's probably a book to be written here, similar to the stories told about Atari and Apple dysfunctions back in the day.
- wmf 4y agoI wouldn't be surprised if they got stuck in a cycle of thinking that fixing the existing process would be faster than designing a "plan B" process.
- d3mon 4y agoThe article is written quite incompetently. 1. Talks about 45 percent decline in stock value when amd /Nvidia declined by almost 60 percent in the same period. 2. Talks about Nvidia revenue growing by 50 percent in Q3, when in reality they fell 17 percent vs the last year. AMD's revenue fell too. Perhaps the author is confused that Nvidia's earning calendar runs 1 year ahead and they reported q3 2023 results recently, not 2022. Extremely poor reporting.
- bloodyplonker22 4y agoIf you actually look into the details, Nvidia's revenue growth was lower due to their gaming/mining GPU sales seeing a major drop from 2021. This was obviously a temporary blip from the unusual spike from the pandemic. Meanwhile, Nvidia's datacenter revenue is still seeing a large amount of growth. Intel's woes are not based on temporary blips and they are certainly not still seeing greatly accelerating growth like Nvidia.