It depends. DSL and GPON are ITU-T standards. DOCSIS and Ethernet are not. 3GPP (mobile networks) does not seem to be ITU-T-dominated either, although they reus

It depends. DSL and GPON are ITU-T standards. DOCSIS and Ethernet are not. 3GPP (mobile networks) does not seem to be ITU-T-dominated either, although they reuse some ITU processes. ASN.1 and X.509 are widely used in some Internet protocols and are ITU-T recommendations. I don't know what WAN looks like these days, but there seems to be some ITU standardization in the WDM area. So it's rather mixed. I'm not sure to what degree ITU-T standardization of obnoxious features matters in practice. Not everything gets implemented. A lot of dual-use features are present on ISP networks in Western democracies because they are required by law. Institutional safeguards generally keep users from government harm in these countries, and not lack of standardization of the more invasive surveillance technologies.