5 ms·
Have you tried reading the article? Because he literally gave himself severe brain damage / trauma from the operation: """ At first the procedure that
by fao_ 5y ago
Have you tried reading the article? Because he literally gave himself severe brain damage / trauma from the operation:
"""
At first the procedure that Kennedy hired Cervantes to
perform—the implantation of a set of glass-and-gold-wire
electrodes beneath the surface of his own brain—seemed to go
quite well. There wasn’t much bleeding during the surgery. But
his recovery was fraught with problems. Two days in, Kennedy was
sitting on his bed when, all of a sudden, his jaw began to grind
and chatter, and one of his hands began to shake. Powton worried
that the seizure would break Kennedy’s teeth.
His language problems persisted as well. “He wasn’t making
sense anymore,” Powton says. “He kept apologizing, ‘Sorry,
sorry,’ because he couldn’t say anything else.” Kennedy
could still utter syllables and a few scattered words, but he
seemed to have lost the glue that bound them into phrases and
sentences. When Kennedy grabbed a pen and tried to write a
message, it came out as random letters scrawled on a page.
At first Powton had been impressed by what he called Kennedy’s
Indiana Jones approach to science: tromping off to Belize,
breaking the standard rules of research, gambling with his own
mind. Yet now here he was, apparently locked in. “I thought we
had damaged him for life,” Powton says. “I was like, what have
we done?”
"""
"""
Kennedy’s recovery had continued to go poorly: The more effort
he put into talking, the more he seemed to get locked up. And no
one from the US, it became clear, was coming to take the doctor
off Powton and Cervantes’ hands.
"""
From that description:
- Motor control impairment
- Extreme language impairment to the point that subject is unable to write coherently
- Literal fucking seizures
- Possible prefrontal damage
While it was just "postoperative brain swelling" and the brain "can heal". It's unlikely that he made a completely full recovery, indeed later in the article it is alluded that he has permanent motor damage:
"""
When I meet Kennedy there one day in May 2015, [...] Kennedy says
with a slight Irish accent [...] “The retractor pulled on a
branch of the nerve that went to my temporalis muscle. I can’t
lift this eyebrow.” Indeed, I notice that the operation has left
his handsome face with an asymmetric droop.
"""
And likely, prefrontal damage from his inability to refrain from commenting the first thing on his mind[0]:
"""
Kennedy said when we first started watching the video. But now he
deviates from our discussion about evolution to bark orders at the
screen, like a sports fan in front of a TV. “No, don’t do
that, don’t lift it up,” Kennedy says to the pair of hands
operating on his brain. “It shouldn’t go in at that angle,”
he explains to me before turning back to the computer. “Push it
in more than that!” he says. “OK, that’s plenty, that’s
plenty. Don’t push anymore!”
"""
The reporter later refers to his "garbled answer", indicating that he still has language formation problems, and that actually seems well-indicated from the snippets of quotes we see from him.
[0]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frontal_lobe_injury https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frontal_lobe_injury
- cf141q5325 5y ago>While it was just "postoperative brain swelling" and the brain "can heal". As i said, brain swelling from the surgery. The article first gave me the impression it was because of what was implanted, ie his implant not working. Which wasnt the case, it worked and he collected his dataset with his ancient hardware till it had to be removed again. I indeed read over the part of the sentence with the facial nerve though. His wording seemed fine though, i have met quite a few people who talk like this. People who go to Belize for brainsurgery are expected to be a bit eccentric.
- fao_ 5y ago> As i said, brain swelling from the surgery. Which constitutes brain trauma! > Which wasnt the case, it worked and he collected his dataset with his ancient hardware till it had to be removed again. Unfortunately as others have pointed out, his dataset is pretty worthless and the claims around it have been largely unsubstantiated. From your earlier post, > And the frame of the article is aimed at clicks and keeping the reader hooked by creating the impression he had made some monumental mistake. IMHO he had, and if you ask literally any neurosurgeon or anyone working in neuroscience I'm willing to bet that they would say the same.
- fundamental 5y ago> his dataset is pretty worthless and the claims around it have been largely unsubstantiated. The really sad part of it is that with fairly minor changes it could have been a landmark dataset IMO. Having better recording equipment, a lower noise floor environment for data collection (e.g. don't run fluorescent lights while recording), having precise timestamps integrated into the recording, better temporal separation between recording of various phrases, adding simultaneous EMG/EEG, etc would have resolved quite a few data related issues. It's a unique situation (for good reason), but bad data... From seeing the data, I suspect the electrode placement was in a good enough location that novel things could have been done with a cleaner data source. I guess the major limiting factor is that absolutely no one would want to be involved with the project at that stage. What sort of IRB would approve any of this? Better data would answer some key questions that could generalize to lock-in patients (theoretically) and worst case it would provide a strong indicator that no significant BCI can be made for the task given the electrode placement.