I read this book: the classical school, by Callum Willians, and I very distinctively remember an interesting argument about surplus value. I always thought the

I read this book: the classical school, by Callum Willians, and I very distinctively remember an interesting argument about surplus value. I always thought the surplus value idea was very appealing intuitively, so I was surprised to see it challenged. He basically says that surplus is based on a labour theory of value, and cannot exist without it. In other words, if we accept that the value is whatever the market determines, then there is never surplus!