5 ms·
Here’s a way to use algebra to grind out the solution to #1 with no particular insight needed. Assume that prices and the amount of kopeks a person has are bot
by bumbledraven 5y ago
Here’s a way to use algebra to grind out the solution to #1 with no particular insight needed.
Assume that prices and the amount of kopeks a person has are both represented by nonnegative integers. Let A be Masha’s kopeks, let I be Misha’s kopeks, and let B be the price of the book. We are given the following:
A = B - 7 (1)
I = B - 1 (2)
A + I < B (3)
Substituting (1) and (2) into (3) yields
B - 7 + B - 1 < B (4)
This simplifies to
B < 8 (5)
B = 7 satisfies (5) and, from (1) and (2), implies that A = 0 and I = 6, which together satisfy the givens (1), (2), and (3). So B = 7 is a solution. Furthermore, we cannot have B < 7 or else (1) would imply A < 0, contradicting the assumption that our variables are represented by nonnegative integers. So B = 7 is the only solution.
- nostoc 5y agoIt's also quite easy to do intuitively. Since Misha is missing only one kopeck, had Masha owned any amount, the sum would have been enough to buy the book. Therefore, Misha doesn't have any money, and the price book is what Misha is missing : 7 kopecks.
- bumbledraven 5y agoThat’s a nice approach. (It’s the same one given by bencollier earlier: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=27885681 https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=27885681). I regard it as requiring a bit of insight, as opposed to my approach, which is more like grinding gears to reach a conclusion.
- lordnacho 5y agoThis is one of my main observations growing up with math: it's the moments of beauty and elegance that are the most exciting, but the grinding gears thing is also a necessity. They complement each other. For instance when you're just learning the basics there's a lot of these "wow what an insight" but over time you figure out that people have distilled it into a mechanical procedure, which also has some attraction to it. Something like quadratic equation turns the search for a pair of numbers that add up some one thing and multiply to another into a simple formula. You then use that mechanism to build ever more elaborate ones.
- nbclark 5y agoCouldn't the book cost 7.5k and one has 6.5 and the other has 0.5? Along those lines, isn't anything in the range of costing 7->8 (non-inclusive) acceptable (e.g. 0.9k and 6.9k)?
- bentcorner 5y agoI was wondering the same thing but Kopecks are not currently subdivided. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kopek https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kopek
- Arnavion 5y agoThe second question's solution requires half-kopeks.
- scotty79 5y agoThese problems aren't current or modernized. There's no way a bottle with a cork in problem #2 costs 10 kopek. current 10 kopek is worth 0.0013$ They probably come from time when 0.5 kopek was the smallest coin. #1 problem doesn't have single non-zero solution if the smallest coin has larger or smaller.
- bentcorner 5y agoI came to the same conclusion the same way but it felt wrong due to the phrase "They combined their money to buy one book to share". Perhaps the phrase lost something in translation.
- colinmhayes 5y agoThe problem says they combine their money which implies Masha has more than 0 kopeks though.
- deleted 5y ago[deleted]
- zarzavat 5y agoYes this is the flaw in the question. They should have said that the sum of their money is insufficient. Combine implies a physical action which can't happen if one of the parties has nothing.
- parsecs 5y ago> They combined their money to buy one book to share, but even then they did not have enough. Is there some error here? I read it as "even then they did not have enough individually" I used b-7+b-1=b to arrive at b=8... My math skills are pretty awful so I can't say if this even makes sense..