5 ms·

They say history is written by the winners, but when it comes to technology, history is written by Americans. MiniDisc was a huge success for Sony, and was the

They say history is written by the winners, but when it comes to technology, history is written by Americans. MiniDisc was a huge success for Sony, and was the winner of the tape-replacement format war in virtually every country - except the USA. It was so successful that Sony is still making blank MiniDiscs today. (Though they are not sold there, Americans can type MDW80T into eBay if they'd like some brand-new MiniDiscs.) I grew up in the UK and for nearly a decade portable MD players were virtually ubiquitous on the Tube. Only the iPod began to end that era, and it certainly wasn't instant.

gertrunde 5y ago
It was heavily used in radio as well, almost ubiquitous for recording outside interviews etc for later broadcast.
- jackvalentine 5y ago
  And commercial exhibition, every large theatre/cinema/auditorium/performance space I worked in up until 2008 when I changed track had a rack mounted MD player hooked up to the automation to do announcements.
- imperistan 5y ago
  True. I’m Dutch and have encountered mini discs only in my radio work in the early 2000’s
tinus_hn 5y ago
Although it has found a niche it definitely wasn’t a ‘huge success’ in the Netherlands.
- zinekeller 5y ago
  > it definitely wasn’t a ‘huge success’ in the Netherlands. Fair enough, the land of Philips :P (But in all seriousness, plain CDs were more popular in certain regions in Europe because "why have a different device for music?". It isn't as drastic as in America though, where it is a product that looks like and feels like never released to consumers.)
  - tinco 5y ago
    I remember wanting a Minidisc player, but they were to expensive. In elementary school we had portable CD players and in highschool I got a MPMan which played mp3s off an 128MB flash card.
- e17 5y ago
  Nor in the UK
fs111 5y ago
Not a great success in Germany either. I had one friend who was into it, everyone else stuck to tapes for a long time.
- sdfjkl 5y ago
  Or lugged around great big CD players or that monstrous Creative Nomad contraption.
kiksy 5y ago
I had one of the later models that had LP features, so up to 4x the music on a disc at a lower quality. It was also a recorder, which was so handy, and something no iPod ever offered. Many of my friends had players, 1 even had an in car player. That's in the UK. I think the big issue was that many people assumed Minidisc was supposed to be a replacement for CDs, rather, than a replacement for cassette. It's understandable why it wasn't marketed this way, but if it had, I think it would of taken off much quicker in the mid/late 90's.
- kiksy 5y ago
  Thinking about it maybe I do remember some marketing about it being a cassette replacement. A quick Google brought up this, which is assume is a Sony advert. https://mobile.twitter.com/doctorow/status/1258600044711809031 https://mobile.twitter.com/doctorow/status/12586000447118090... Also https://co.pinterest.com/pin/715579828285803543#imgViewer https://co.pinterest.com/pin/715579828285803543#imgViewer
megablast 5y ago
Pfft. Where is this true outside of Japan?? And don’t messed this up themselves by not allowing you to do a digital copy from md devices, since they’d just bought a music studio. Also, rather than use mp3 like everyone else, they created there own format.
- yftsui 5y ago
  In east Asia, it is true that it holds the high end Walkman market till at least 2003. People see MP3s as cheap plastic toys until iPod and iRiver took off.
yftsui 5y ago
Sony was really at its peak during early 2000s, MD was the crown of jewel, single battery supporting that kind of play back time with a spinning disc inside is really impressive. However in terms of market share, it is still behind tape and CD even in Asia. New albums released directly in MD is super rare, most of the time you need to have a CD, buy the CD version then record it to an empty MD. When I was a kid, only “rich kids” had a MD and a CD, majority were just using CD or even tape. Cheap MP3s started coming out around 2000 but never took off, then iPod and its mimics basically killed Tape, CD and MD all together.
- ghaff 5y ago
  Sony has to be a case study in something. They had pretty much the Apple stores of the day (though not at nearly the same scale). You'd browse the one at the Metreon in SF to see the cool consumer electronics (as well as some pretty nice laptops for the time). Now? They're pretty much one of the many more or less interchangeable electronics manufacturers. Many categories of which where Sony was a premium (mainstream) provider like home stereos seem much diminished, at least anecdotally.
  - nradov 5y ago
    Sony is a case study in the consequences of focusing on individual hit hardware products rather than sustainable, adaptable software platforms.
    - ghaff 5y ago
      That's almost certainly part of it. The Japanese electronics (and camera) makers have always been pretty bad at software--at least above the firmware level. That didn't used to matter so much but now so much about software and ecosystems (or platforms as you put it).
vosper 5y ago
> MiniDisc was a huge success for Sony, and was the winner of the tape-replacement format war in virtually every country - except the USA. No, it wasn’t. Walkman, discman, ipod. _That’s_ how it went virtually everywhere
- yftsui 5y ago
  Sony didn’t even care about iPod or MP3 for a few years after 2001, as it didn’t hit its bottom line, release of NW-E400 was the turning point, prior to that it is mostly MiniDisc.
  - matthewdgreen 5y ago
    I visited Sony Japan in 1999-2000 to give them a demo of the new audio codec my company (AT&T Labs) was co-developing with Fraunhofer. We were trying to convince them to buy into our crazy plan of selling music over the Internet. (Needless to say, neither AT&T nor Sony won that battle, but AAC did.) We spent some time in a studio with some of their top studio engineers playing tracks on AAC and Sony’s proprietary ATRAC3 at different BPS, trying to decide which was better. They agreed that AAC worked better at lower encoding rates, but it didn’t move them —- they were too focused on hardware. Fun trip though!
vladvasiliu 5y ago
> MiniDisc was a huge success for Sony, and was the winner of the tape-replacement format war in virtually every country - except the USA Well, don't know about "virtually", but in Europe I only know one person who had one, and I don't remember seeing any on the street / bus / metro. I remember people having tape walkmans, then portable CD players for a short while, than massively switching to MP3 players when they became available, probably because CD players were extremely unpractical. I used to have an MP3-capable CD player, which kind of mitigated the problem, but it was still not great. I remember looking at minidisc players at the time, and the MP3 CD looked much more practical to load with music and also much cheaper, so I went with that.
- rualca 5y ago
  > Well, don't know about "virtually", but in Europe I only know one person who had one, and I don't remember seeing any on the street / bus / metro. I owned a couple of portable minidisc players in the 90s, one of which was stolen. I recall that they were relatively expensive when compared with cassette players, but they were not that rare.
salamandersauce 5y ago
Not everywhere. UK was the second best selling region after Japan. And while you can still buy new blank MDs, you can still buy new tape and tape decks too. They all suck but you can. In Canada I never saw one outside a store, never saw a prerecorded MD album even in a store. I knew a lot of people who had portable CD players before MP3 players took off.
- TacticalCoder 5y ago
  Indeed. I was in Belgium and was a MD user but they weren't that big in Belgium. France neither IIRC. I was into it because I had family in Japan bringing me the goodies on every visit (blank discs, portable players, etc.).
tcldr 5y ago
Maybe because people weren't buying pre-recorded MiniDiscs? But as far as I can tell, that wasn't the point... In the late 90s I had a Sharp 722 (in champagne gold iirc) and you could plug that thing into a pair of decks (UK Garage at that time) and get rich, beautiful sound out of it – fully captured the texture of the vinyl. CDs were awkward, needed to lie horizontal, and prone to skipping and getting scratched up. MiniDisc was never a replacement for CDs, but a replacement for cassettes – and at that, they were great.
- JKCalhoun 5y ago
  There was something quite nice about the audible quality of MiniDisc compression. Is this past year of COVID to blame? I had been rekindling some nostalgia for my brief foray into MiniDisc over two decades ago (it had been too brief). And then my daughter, born after the iPod but likely channelling part of that retro zeitgeist, wanted to experiment with/explore cassette tapes. No, no, MiniDisc, I said. And then I proceeded to buy way too many of the devices on eBay. I have a bigger collection now of both players and discs than I did when I first dipped my toe into MiniDisc. I think both she and I enjoy mix-tape vs. playlist. Trying to pick songs to fit within 80 or 74 minutes. And then somehow the "I want to hear something mellow" and then the physical insertion of a disc.... Something tangible in an increasingly intangible world?
deleted 5y ago
[deleted]
sli 5y ago
I got interested in MD during high school in the late 90s/early 2000s. I was the only person I knew that owned a MiniDisc recorder/player, and my friends and I recorded what were basically podcasts onto my two boxes of blank discs. It's a damn shame the format didn't catch on in the US, I loved the it.
OldGoodNewBad 5y ago
Minidisc was a HUGE commercial flop, with a paltry number of releases. It found utility in some pro audio racks but in no nation did it ever come close to replacing DAT in pro audio applications, or cassette tapes for music copying or distribution.
- rualca 5y ago
  > Minidisc was a HUGE commercial flop, with a paltry number of releases. What I remember from my minidisc days were that at least the ones I owned were all recorders. Even though I bought zero minidisc albums, I had a few minidiscs with albums recorded from CDs. Even though minidisc wasn't ubiquitous, I'm not sure that the number of releases is a good measuring stick.
- LeoPanthera 5y ago
  You are equating the number of commercial pre-recorded MiniDisc with the success of the format but that's just not how it works. MiniDisc replaced tape, not CDs or records. Its raison d'etre was recording your own discs.
  - OldGoodNewBad 5y ago
    It never even matched tape, in terms of blank media or devices sold yearly even at its peak even in Japan.
vr46 5y ago
Minidisc is still going, it’s no vinyl revival but bands are releasing new music on MD, there’s a pretty healthy market on eBay for hardware, albums and blanks! Obviously there’s a hard limit to all this as nothing is in production anymore and minidiscs aren’t as infinitely rebuildable as turntables.
MomoXenosaga 5y ago
Yes if we must call something a failed technology I nominate the discman.
theshrike79 5y ago
Minidisc came out at the wrong time. It was just a bit too hard to copy your own music to it. A single record on MD cost WAY too much compared to Cassettes or CDs. It would've been amazing to buy a whole discography on MD, it would've fit there easily. MD is on my list of the most coolest technologies that just fizzled out in the mainstream.

gertrunde 5y ago

It was heavily used in radio as well, almost ubiquitous for recording outside interviews etc for later broadcast.

jackvalentine 5y ago
And commercial exhibition, every large theatre/cinema/auditorium/performance space I worked in up until 2008 when I changed track had a rack mounted MD player hooked up to the automation to do announcements.
imperistan 5y ago
True. I’m Dutch and have encountered mini discs only in my radio work in the early 2000’s

tinus_hn 5y ago

Although it has found a niche it definitely wasn’t a ‘huge success’ in the Netherlands.

zinekeller 5y ago
> it definitely wasn’t a ‘huge success’ in the Netherlands. Fair enough, the land of Philips :P (But in all seriousness, plain CDs were more popular in certain regions in Europe because "why have a different device for music?". It isn't as drastic as in America though, where it is a product that looks like and feels like never released to consumers.)
- tinco 5y ago
  I remember wanting a Minidisc player, but they were to expensive. In elementary school we had portable CD players and in highschool I got a MPMan which played mp3s off an 128MB flash card.
e17 5y ago
Nor in the UK

fs111 5y ago

Not a great success in Germany either. I had one friend who was into it, everyone else stuck to tapes for a long time.

sdfjkl 5y ago
Or lugged around great big CD players or that monstrous Creative Nomad contraption.

kiksy 5y ago

I had one of the later models that had LP features, so up to 4x the music on a disc at a lower quality. It was also a recorder, which was so handy, and something no iPod ever offered. Many of my friends had players, 1 even had an in car player. That's in the UK. I think the big issue was that many people assumed Minidisc was supposed to be a replacement for CDs, rather, than a replacement for cassette. It's understandable why it wasn't marketed this way, but if it had, I think it would of taken off much quicker in the mid/late 90's.

kiksy 5y ago
Thinking about it maybe I do remember some marketing about it being a cassette replacement. A quick Google brought up this, which is assume is a Sony advert. https://mobile.twitter.com/doctorow/status/1258600044711809031 https://mobile.twitter.com/doctorow/status/12586000447118090... Also https://co.pinterest.com/pin/715579828285803543#imgViewer https://co.pinterest.com/pin/715579828285803543#imgViewer

megablast 5y ago

Pfft. Where is this true outside of Japan?? And don’t messed this up themselves by not allowing you to do a digital copy from md devices, since they’d just bought a music studio. Also, rather than use mp3 like everyone else, they created there own format.

yftsui 5y ago
In east Asia, it is true that it holds the high end Walkman market till at least 2003. People see MP3s as cheap plastic toys until iPod and iRiver took off.

yftsui 5y ago

Sony was really at its peak during early 2000s, MD was the crown of jewel, single battery supporting that kind of play back time with a spinning disc inside is really impressive. However in terms of market share, it is still behind tape and CD even in Asia. New albums released directly in MD is super rare, most of the time you need to have a CD, buy the CD version then record it to an empty MD. When I was a kid, only “rich kids” had a MD and a CD, majority were just using CD or even tape. Cheap MP3s started coming out around 2000 but never took off, then iPod and its mimics basically killed Tape, CD and MD all together.

ghaff 5y ago
Sony has to be a case study in something. They had pretty much the Apple stores of the day (though not at nearly the same scale). You'd browse the one at the Metreon in SF to see the cool consumer electronics (as well as some pretty nice laptops for the time). Now? They're pretty much one of the many more or less interchangeable electronics manufacturers. Many categories of which where Sony was a premium (mainstream) provider like home stereos seem much diminished, at least anecdotally.
- nradov 5y ago
  Sony is a case study in the consequences of focusing on individual hit hardware products rather than sustainable, adaptable software platforms.
  - ghaff 5y ago
    That's almost certainly part of it. The Japanese electronics (and camera) makers have always been pretty bad at software--at least above the firmware level. That didn't used to matter so much but now so much about software and ecosystems (or platforms as you put it).

vosper 5y ago

> MiniDisc was a huge success for Sony, and was the winner of the tape-replacement format war in virtually every country - except the USA. No, it wasn’t. Walkman, discman, ipod. _That’s_ how it went virtually everywhere

yftsui 5y ago
Sony didn’t even care about iPod or MP3 for a few years after 2001, as it didn’t hit its bottom line, release of NW-E400 was the turning point, prior to that it is mostly MiniDisc.
- matthewdgreen 5y ago
  I visited Sony Japan in 1999-2000 to give them a demo of the new audio codec my company (AT&T Labs) was co-developing with Fraunhofer. We were trying to convince them to buy into our crazy plan of selling music over the Internet. (Needless to say, neither AT&T nor Sony won that battle, but AAC did.) We spent some time in a studio with some of their top studio engineers playing tracks on AAC and Sony’s proprietary ATRAC3 at different BPS, trying to decide which was better. They agreed that AAC worked better at lower encoding rates, but it didn’t move them —- they were too focused on hardware. Fun trip though!

vladvasiliu 5y ago

> MiniDisc was a huge success for Sony, and was the winner of the tape-replacement format war in virtually every country - except the USA Well, don't know about "virtually", but in Europe I only know one person who had one, and I don't remember seeing any on the street / bus / metro. I remember people having tape walkmans, then portable CD players for a short while, than massively switching to MP3 players when they became available, probably because CD players were extremely unpractical. I used to have an MP3-capable CD player, which kind of mitigated the problem, but it was still not great. I remember looking at minidisc players at the time, and the MP3 CD looked much more practical to load with music and also much cheaper, so I went with that.

rualca 5y ago
> Well, don't know about "virtually", but in Europe I only know one person who had one, and I don't remember seeing any on the street / bus / metro. I owned a couple of portable minidisc players in the 90s, one of which was stolen. I recall that they were relatively expensive when compared with cassette players, but they were not that rare.

salamandersauce 5y ago

Not everywhere. UK was the second best selling region after Japan. And while you can still buy new blank MDs, you can still buy new tape and tape decks too. They all suck but you can. In Canada I never saw one outside a store, never saw a prerecorded MD album even in a store. I knew a lot of people who had portable CD players before MP3 players took off.

TacticalCoder 5y ago
Indeed. I was in Belgium and was a MD user but they weren't that big in Belgium. France neither IIRC. I was into it because I had family in Japan bringing me the goodies on every visit (blank discs, portable players, etc.).

tcldr 5y ago

Maybe because people weren't buying pre-recorded MiniDiscs? But as far as I can tell, that wasn't the point... In the late 90s I had a Sharp 722 (in champagne gold iirc) and you could plug that thing into a pair of decks (UK Garage at that time) and get rich, beautiful sound out of it – fully captured the texture of the vinyl. CDs were awkward, needed to lie horizontal, and prone to skipping and getting scratched up. MiniDisc was never a replacement for CDs, but a replacement for cassettes – and at that, they were great.

JKCalhoun 5y ago
There was something quite nice about the audible quality of MiniDisc compression. Is this past year of COVID to blame? I had been rekindling some nostalgia for my brief foray into MiniDisc over two decades ago (it had been too brief). And then my daughter, born after the iPod but likely channelling part of that retro zeitgeist, wanted to experiment with/explore cassette tapes. No, no, MiniDisc, I said. And then I proceeded to buy way too many of the devices on eBay. I have a bigger collection now of both players and discs than I did when I first dipped my toe into MiniDisc. I think both she and I enjoy mix-tape vs. playlist. Trying to pick songs to fit within 80 or 74 minutes. And then somehow the "I want to hear something mellow" and then the physical insertion of a disc.... Something tangible in an increasingly intangible world?

deleted 5y ago

[deleted]

sli 5y ago

I got interested in MD during high school in the late 90s/early 2000s. I was the only person I knew that owned a MiniDisc recorder/player, and my friends and I recorded what were basically podcasts onto my two boxes of blank discs. It's a damn shame the format didn't catch on in the US, I loved the it.

OldGoodNewBad 5y ago

Minidisc was a HUGE commercial flop, with a paltry number of releases. It found utility in some pro audio racks but in no nation did it ever come close to replacing DAT in pro audio applications, or cassette tapes for music copying or distribution.

rualca 5y ago
> Minidisc was a HUGE commercial flop, with a paltry number of releases. What I remember from my minidisc days were that at least the ones I owned were all recorders. Even though I bought zero minidisc albums, I had a few minidiscs with albums recorded from CDs. Even though minidisc wasn't ubiquitous, I'm not sure that the number of releases is a good measuring stick.
LeoPanthera 5y ago
You are equating the number of commercial pre-recorded MiniDisc with the success of the format but that's just not how it works. MiniDisc replaced tape, not CDs or records. Its raison d'etre was recording your own discs.
- OldGoodNewBad 5y ago
  It never even matched tape, in terms of blank media or devices sold yearly even at its peak even in Japan.

vr46 5y ago

Minidisc is still going, it’s no vinyl revival but bands are releasing new music on MD, there’s a pretty healthy market on eBay for hardware, albums and blanks! Obviously there’s a hard limit to all this as nothing is in production anymore and minidiscs aren’t as infinitely rebuildable as turntables.

MomoXenosaga 5y ago

Yes if we must call something a failed technology I nominate the discman.

theshrike79 5y ago

Minidisc came out at the wrong time. It was just a bit too hard to copy your own music to it. A single record on MD cost WAY too much compared to Cassettes or CDs. It would've been amazing to buy a whole discography on MD, it would've fit there easily. MD is on my list of the most coolest technologies that just fizzled out in the mainstream.