I don't think "black-box" algorithms are the problem per se. In this case the system was doomed from the get-go by using biased and flawed input attributes. Wh

I don't think "black-box" algorithms are the problem per se. In this case the system was doomed from the get-go by using biased and flawed input attributes. What I find very problematic in the use of automated systems for fraud detection is taking the system decision as final and not offering an easy and clear way of appealing decisions.