The prominent examples are: Russia, Turkey, Kazakhstan, Belarus, Poland, Slovakia, Czech, Hungary, South Africa, Mexico, Brazil, Argentina, Chile There are se

The prominent examples are: Russia, Turkey, Kazakhstan, Belarus, Poland, Slovakia, Czech, Hungary, South Africa, Mexico, Brazil, Argentina, Chile There are several other nations in Europe and Latin America, that have been stuck in the middle income trap for some time (such as Uruguay, Paraguay, Peru, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Panama, Serbia, Croatia and Bulgaria). Albania and Macedonia have been stuck in it, with little further progress, since the early to mid 2000s. Africa has a few others besides South Africa, such as Gabon (trapped since the mid 1970s), Botswana (trapped since 1990) and Algeria (since the early 1980s). Lebanon has been stuck for 20 years. Jordan has been stuck since the early 1980s. Portugal may just be outside of it or at the ceiling, at $23k per capita; however in inflation adjusted terms they've seen close to zero per capita growth since 1992. Greece is an odd case, hard to say whether they ever escaped the middle income trap, or whether the good years before the crash were entirely fake. On an inflation adjusted basis Greece has also seen close to zero per capita growth since 1992.