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Exercise, fasting shown to help cells shed defective proteins
- foxyv 8y agoFasting is possibly the most effective and powerful health tool I have come across. The only issue I have had with fasting is the intense energy levels I get during a fast make it hard to sit in an office 8 hours. My primate brain screams at me to get out and hunt/gather. Kinda stressful. I can't drink as much coffee either because I'm already wired.
- odorousrex 8y agoWhat is your fasting regimen like? Do you make any other alterations to your diet?
- ams6110 8y agoThere is no diet. You stop eating. Drink only water (some people allow for coffee/tea but I think if you're being strict about it that should be avoided also).
- odorousrex 8y agoI meant in general. Many people on intermittent fasting adjust their diet off-fast in various ways to compensate for nutrition they may have missed (i.e. increased protein intake in the following meal, etc)
- ambicapter 8y agoI don't think that's true, or at least the 'Many' here is probably a minority. IF doesn't necessitate any changes to diet.
- bonesss 8y agoSome people break their fasts with a high protein meal for some hormonal benefits, but there's no "missing nutrition". Some people over eat when breaking their fasts early in their adaption. Otherwise: our digestive cycles take a long time to work.
- crescentfresh 8y agoMy sleep patterns get completely messed up on my fasts. I'll sleep for 4 hours and then wide-awake. I switch back to normal eating and I get a full 8hrs sleep that night. It made me think I was doing something wrong but then the more I thought about it, maybe I just don't need more than those 4hrs of sleep when I'm fasting.
- creaghpatr 8y agoI have noticed this as well.
- goda90 8y agoI wonder, is it that your body is worried about getting food and will cut off sleep to give you more time to find it, or is it that the build up of chemicals like adenosine(which seems to play a role in sleepiness, and gets cleared out during sleep.) in the body has slowed so that less sleep is required?
- geoka9 8y agoSame here, I sleep less when I eat little. But I don't feel any downsides to sleeping less that way, so I suspect it's normal.
- zip1234 8y agoThis was mentioned in Matthew Walker's book "Why We Sleep." Ghrelin and dopamine levels are high which keep you awake. It is suspected to be an evolutionary boost that you are alert more in order to find food.
- mathnmusic 8y agoI have recently gone from 1 day water-fasting to 7-days water-fasting at a time. The first 3 days are the hardest. On 7th day, I was still completely full of energy and felt like I could have easily gone to two full weeks (which I didn't just to avoid risk). Has anyone here tried 2 full weeks of water fasting? Any extra precautions to take?
- goda90 8y agoI'm curious, do you take potassium and sodium supplements while water-fasting?
- mathnmusic 8y agoYes, typically on the 4th day.
- 40acres 8y agoI typically put pink salt in my tea, does not taste great but after a few days it's legitimately satisfying. Amazing how your standards can change so quickly in desperation.
- rootusrootus 8y agoWhy pink? For the iron?
- ckosidows 8y agoI just tried to do a 48-hour fast and only made it to 24 before I had to eat. I felt dizzy, irritable and couldn't concentrate on anything other than my hunger. How do people make it past this?
- gambiting 8y agoIt will sound almost confrontational, but you literally have to force yourself not to eat. I'm not going to pretend it's easy, but that's the way to do it. The feeling will go away once you get past that stage of not being able to think of anything else but food.
- SketchySeaBeast 8y ago> Fasting is possibly the most effective and powerful health tool I have come across. What healthy changes have been observed? Has your doctor noted changes? Do you couple this with exercise?
- chimpburger 8y agoThe first time I fasted 4 years ago, it cleared up the brain fog (for lack of a better description) that had been an ongoing issue for about a year prior to that. The difference was extremely noticeable and happened overnight. Since then I've always noticed increased mental clarity and energy after fasting (minimum 24 hours - strictly water only).
- SketchySeaBeast 8y agoSo no real changes other than the lifting of a psychological "fog"?
- chimpburger 8y agoIncreased mental clarity, energy and feeling of wellbeing is quite real. What exactly are you expecting to happen within 24 hours? Super powers? 10 years increased lifespan?
- SketchySeaBeast 8y agoI was hoping for information on the effects or longer term, repeated fasting, as the article lays it out. It would seem that 24 hours of fasting has the same effects as going for a jog.
- chimpburger 8y agoNot the same as going for a jog. I had been regularly exercising intensely for 10 years prior to that. It's not the same effect. To understand the longer term or scientific viewpoint, there is an abundance of research on the benefits of caloric restriction. Just Google it (on http://scholar.google.com/ http://scholar.google.com/).
- emiliobumachar 8y agoOff-topic, but what's wrong with being unable to drink as much coffee because you already have an equivalent effect? Are you that fond of the taste of coffee?
- toomuchtodo 8y ago> My primate brain screams at me to get out and hunt/gather. Kinda stressful. I can't drink as much coffee either because I'm already wired. Try taking 200mg-400mg of L-theanine with each cup of coffee. It'll temper the anxiety feeling you're having. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18681988 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18681988 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18006208 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18006208
- Legogris 8y agoOr replace the coffee with strong green tea with high theanine content.
- awa 8y agoI am curious about fasting as well, and have been considering trying it. Can you point me to some practical advice on how to get started on fasting that worked for you and some research to back up the claims.
- valgor 8y agoI don't know what your day is like, but for myself I started during the work week by doing intermittent fasting. I would stop eating (in particular, no calories, so I stopped drinking too!) by 8pm the night before and then do not eat before 11-noon the next day. This gave me an 8-9 hour window to eat. It was only rough the first few days, but if you stick with it, you might find yourself doing intermittent fasting on the weekends without even trying.
- novaRom 8y agoI do similarly for many years, my no_calories window is between 10pm and 12-noon. This is very simple, just avoid any breakfast and drink some water instead. Also important to quit coffee, I find it improves a lot of things (after a week of withdrawal symptoms).
- elbear 8y agoWhat improvements have you noticed after quitting coffee? I ask, because I drink coffee in the morning during the fast. From everything I've read, it doesn't break the fast. Btw, I don't use coffee as a sleep substitute. I wake up every morning without an alarm. I drink coffee for the taste. I simply love it.
- novaRom 8y ago>> What improvements have you noticed after quitting coffee? Better mood and feeling more energized through the day. Better vision. The latest is quite strange, but I can really see better, probably a side effect of improved concentration and calmness.
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- etrautmann 8y agoAs someone new to the concept - what are the goals of fasting? It does not seem like weight loss is a primary driver for most people on this thread?
- qqqwerty 8y agoMy non-scientific, and poorly researched understanding is that calories in/calories out is how you manage weight. But digestion itself is also a somewhat 'taxing' processes, and eating 3 square meals a day means you are pretty much constantly digesting food through out the day. For example, if you look into how type 2 diabetes works, your body basically can't produce enough insulin to process the glucose in your system (roughly), so you end up with high blood sugar. One way to deal with it is to reduce total calorie consumption, but it also feels like simply compressing your eating into a smaller window could have similar impacts (i.e. your average glucose levels throughout the day might be lower, even if you are eating a little more). I wouldn't be surprised if there are other functions and processes in the body benefit (maybe kidneys and the liver benefit from some more 'downtime'). I am not a huge fan of the 'evolution' argument, but I assume our distant ancestors ate meals in somewhat sporadic schedules, so it would kinda make sense that our bodies are tuned to that cadence, as opposed to the constant supply of processed foods that we currently subsist on.
- clamprecht 8y agoWhat about muscle loss? I haven't tried fasting because I don't want to lose muscle mass. Maybe my concern is unfounded?
- ams6110 8y agoNot an expert but I would not think you would suffer much muscle loss in a short (less than 1 week) fast. It takes longer than that for your metabolism to transition into starvation mode. Maybe there's some risk if your body fat is already very low.
- SketchySeaBeast 8y ago> https://www.lifehack.org/389060/how-much-muscle-mass-can-you-lose-during-a-water-fast https://www.lifehack.org/389060/how-much-muscle-mass-can-you... It looks like you can lost a fair amount of muscle mass, and that you lose the most muscle mass early, so 1 21 day fast would be better for you than 3 7 day.
- Legogris 8y agoPlenty of bodybuilders do fasting, especially intermittent fasting. Make sure you get the nutrients you require before and after a fast and combine with resistance training and you have no reason for concern (IANAN)
- SketchySeaBeast 8y ago> Plenty of bodybuilders do fasting, especially intermittent fasting. I know that they do IF, but do we have examples of bodybuilders that do 3+ day regular fasts? I'm not aware of any. IF can simply be a neat way to calorically reduce, but legitimate multi-day fasting is another beast entirely.
- loeg 8y agoProbably unfounded, unless you're in the uncommon niche of having very low body fat and not exercising regularly (a few days a week). Depending on how long you fast, of course. 12-24 hours isn't going to make all that much difference.
- nck4222 8y agoI'm not trying to disparage fasting, who am I to say it hasn't helped you, or others? That being said you call it a health tool, and then say it produces stress, which has been documented as being extremely detrimental to health. You also mention, being unable to focus, and being wired. I'm glad it's helped you, but this endorsement makes me question the health benefits more actually, and makes me less interested in trying it.
- 013a 8y agoThis is only one study, but there's some evidence that stress and the belief that stress is detrimental are correlated with detrimental health effects [1]. In other words, there may be a negative placebo effect at play where its less to do with the stress and more to do with how you respond to it. Now, consider that fasting (and, really, consistent exercise as well) is correlated with high self-control and an internal belief that you're doing this to improve your physical health. The worst kind of Stress is stress from sources you can't control, but you have complete control over what you eat. [1] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3374921/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3374921/
- sgift 8y ago> That being said you call it a health tool, and then say it produces stress, which has been documented as being extremely detrimental to health. The dose makes the poison. Not enough stress has been shown to be extremely detrimental to health too (Fitness training produces stress. Take your pick of studies showing that you should still do it).
- agumonkey 8y agoTried skipping meals for curiosity's sake. When hunger reflex strikes (boredom + 12 or 4pm ..) I try to divert the fulfilling need with activities. As if I could get mental satiety with action instead of nutrients.
- pombrand 8y agoExperience the same, have water fasted 5 days before and doing it twice a year. Three options here 1. Accept you will seemingly need less sleep and go to bed later, use any sleepless time in bed as an opportunity to read and meditate. 2. Be extra careful with sleep hygiene. 3. Use hot then ice cold showers before bed, and possibly sleep aids spanning from 1 mg melatonin to 7.5 mg doxylamine (very safe, but gives you a hangover due to long half-life, maybe not so bad if you feel too wired) to benzodiazepines or hypnotics like ambien (shorter half-lifes, more effective, ideally with assistance from a doctor). Some argue that sleeping less is a good stress during a fast, but I haven't seen any good evidence to support that.
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- subcosmos 8y agoPretty much everything discussed in this article has been the general theory of proteostasis for at least the last decade - in part thanks to the work coming out of that lab.
- sametmax 8y agoWell that's the thing. Humanity has known fasting for a long time, and the associated benefits. But we are now building a complex model to understand how it works, which will allow more people to benefit from it since many only try something once it's been scientifically studied in depth.
- magduf 8y agoHopefully fully studying it in-depth will also help us fine-tune it so that we can get the most benefit from it with the least investment.
- sidi09 8y agoI am curious about how these findings are different than autophagy https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autophagy#Repair_mechanism https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autophagy#Repair_mechanism, where the effects of exercise / intermittent fasting in enhancing autophagy are somewhat established.
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- SketchySeaBeast 8y agoFasting seems to be incredibly popular here - has anyone combined these longer term (3+ day) fasts with the other point they brought up, exercise, and if so, what has their experience been with that? I'm wondering how performance is affected. I know that a lot of body builders perform intermittent fasting, but I never hear about longer terms.
- novaRom 8y agoThree or more days is too extreme. I have very positive experience with 14/10 method where I skip eating between 10pm and 12-noon.
- SketchySeaBeast 8y agoYeah, intermittent fasting is extremely popular right now, and really 14/10 is just skipping breakfast, but I see people saying they are on longer fasts, so I'm wondering if they can keep up their other healthy activities while doing so.
- iscrewyou 8y agoDo you mean 10pm to 12pm?
- mrfusion 8y agoI’m thinking of doing 8am to 5pm eating window. I need food to look forward to to motivate me out of bed.
- SketchySeaBeast 8y agoPlus, you can hit up the early bird special at Denny's.
- Legogris 8y agoI was thinking that 14/10 sounded too generous to get the benefits of fasting usually talked about - turns out there's a difference between men and women where because of hormones women are recommended longer eating windows (starting at 14/10) than men (16/8).
- jedberg 8y agoRecently there has been a lot of talk about the intermittent fasting diet (fast 16 hours, eat for 8). My friend is a doctor and started the diet himself a few months ago, and takes his bloodwork every week. He says it's making huge improvements in his cholesterol and other blood levels. I've been trying myself recently and so far no big changes, although I have lost a couple of pounds. But I think that's just because I had to cut out late night snacking!
- drchiu 8y agoI agree. The 16/8 seems to be beneficial from my own personal experience and much more sustainable.
- criddell 8y agoI've been doing 16/8 for a couple of months now and I was trying to think if I've noticed any changes. The one big one is that I no longer wake up with pain in my hands, wrists, or knees. Other than that, I think having more time in the morning is an unexpected benefit.
- Brigadirk 8y agoJust curious: wouldn't this then show overwhelming health benefits or decreased mortality in people who regularly skip breakfast, and simply eat lunch and dinner?
- jedberg 8y agoThere's a whole book on the diet with a lot of science, but the very short summary is, no, it doesn't quite work like that. For one, the recommendation is to eat at the beginning of your day (skip dinner not breakfast). But also, most people who eat like that don't actually limit themselves to eight hours. That was basically how I was eating, skipping breakfast, but I was still having a late night snack, and sometimes an early morning snack. I basically just dropped the snacks, but that's not really the right diet.
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- 11thEarlOfMar 8y agoThe article speaks about thigh muscle cells showing increased protein breakdown after bicycling[0]. Does the effect only occur in the muscles used? If so, it seems that in order to get the benefit throughout the body, you'd need to deliberately exercise all muscle groups. [0] "...the researchers analyzed the effects of exercise on cells obtained from the thigh muscles of four human volunteers before and after vigorous biking. Following exercise, the proteasomes of these cells showed dramatically more molecular marks of enhanced protein degradation, including greater levels of cAMP."
- xutopia 8y agoHow did they monitor it? Did they stab the volunteers or take pieces of proteins from the thigh?
- aviv 8y agoFasting is the best gift you can give to your body. It's a shame more people don't know or trust this. Good job mainstream for hiding the truth. I water fast about 90 days out of the year (~25 consecutive days each time) and dry fast for about 30 (8 to 10 consecutive days each time). People eat too much (and not even "bad" foods, just anything really) and more importantly - too often. Digesting food matter is a great way to get sick and maintain sickness.
- qsymmachus 8y ago"Dry fast" means you consume neither food nor water, correct? How can a human possibly go "8 to 10 consecutive days" with no water?
- aviv 8y agoCorrect, no food or water. In fact, there is also "soft" dry fast and "hard" dry fast. With the latter you also avoid any contact with water, such as washing hands, showers, etc. I wouldn't recommend anyone should have a 8-10 day dry fast as their first fast, that's for sure. But your body is capable of doing far more than you give it credit for. The concept of no one surviving 10 days without food or water is simply false. In fact, I have more energy on the 7th or 8th days of a dry fast than I did when I used to have a conventional diet.
- gojomo 8y agoHow much weight do you lose? Is your local climate dry or humid?
- aviv 8y agoYou lose as much as you need to. Many people who struggle to gain weight, actually do post-fast.
- gojomo 8y agoI meant, how much weight do you, ~aviv, personally lose on an 8-10 day dry fast? Also, still wondering if you're in a dry or humid climate. And come to think of it, whether you're in a hot or mild climate. Because I know of people who've been drinking water, but still reached a point of dehydration requiring medical attention, in hot or dry environments after moderate-to-extreme exertion. So my hunch would be that an 8-10 day "dry fast" might require minimizing activity in a cool, humid place.
- novaRom 8y agoMy personal habit: 1) Skip breakfast completely 2) Zero coffein intake 3) Sunlight exposure: run topless if possible, go outside at noon for about an hour every day. Although it is not an issue for California as for the Northern Europe. 4) No milk (but cheese rarely) 5) No red meat (but fish and poultry sometimes)
- mamon 8y agoIs skipping breakfast really a good choice? If anything I would skip the last meal of day (dinner/supper whatever you call that in English)
- AimForTheBushes 8y agoIt's way easier to skip breakfast than dinner.
- novaRom 8y agoBreakfast is relatively recent invention. It is simply against mother nature where we evolved as humans. Your body and brain need few hours of activity to feel hungry and find some food after night sleep.
- criddell 8y agoIt works well for me because I'm not hungry first thing in the morning whereas I'm usually pretty hungry at the end of the day.
- xutopia 8y agoMany people have trouble sleeping on an empty stomach but not doing their work. Also night time is socializing time and there is no way that I would skip a supper with friends to fast but skipping breakfast is super easy to do.
- andrepd 8y agoCurrent understanding points to the fact that caffeine has no adverse health effects; in fact it might even yield some benefits.
- OldFatCactus 8y agoI started intermittent fasting again this week. I was telling my new coworkers about it and they thought I was crazy. "There's a name for skipping breakfast?" Made me chuckle because I actually remember periods of time in college/early career where I was probably IFing unintentionally just because I was terrible at feeding myself. I especially remember periods of time where I was so addicted to video games, I would forget to eat. Obviously there are other issues with such a lifestyle, but I wonder how often we sometimes slip into positive diet and exercise habits just as a consequence of external things in our lives.
- asnrk 8y agoAs someone who's always skipped breakfast more often than not, I too find calling that "fasting" kinda silly. I'd reserve that for going at least a whole day without food, before it deserves much consideration. I rarely eat breakfast and often skip lunch. I find that when instead of doing that I focus on eating more meals but also driving up my vegetable and fruit intake to as high a % of my calories as I can stand, I feel healthier and have an easier time keeping weight in check.
- andrepd 8y agoI don't quite understand the fascination of the HN crowd with intermittent fasting. To me it looks like just another "fad" diet: grand claims, a handful of flawed or limited studies, establishing possible benefits, touted as proof the whole thing is rock-solid. My feeling is it gives off a certain "body hacking" vibe that HNers are attracted to.
- retzkek 8y ago> I don't quite understand the fascination of the HN crowd with intermittent fasting. Well, have you tried it? Unlike many fad diets there's nothing to buy, no long-term commitment, just one or a few days where you don't eat. You can do some reading to find tricks to make it easier, but all it really takes is willpower. Maybe it will do something for you, maybe not. > a handful of flawed or limited studies As much as we worship high quality, large-population, peer-reviewed studies, ultimately the only study that matters is the n=1, yourself - only you can find out what works for you.
- concernedctzn 8y ago>As much as we worship high quality, large-population, peer-reviewed studies, ultimately the only study that matters is the n=1, yourself - only you can find out what works for you. I understand what you're trying to say but found it funny you tried to conflate real vetted science with "worship" and then said to throw all that out in favor of a personal opinion.
- retzkek 8y agoPerhaps that was an overly antagonistic choice of words, but when you consider the way such studies are analyzed, summarized, and reconstituted for consumption by the public, all nuance is lost and all that's left is a generic guideline that may have little or no relevance for any given person.
- jerf 8y agoWhat "works for you" doesn't have to be "personal opinion". You can freely conduct scientific experiments on yourself. Analysis of such experiments is even abnormally easy, because you can ignore issues of drawing from a "sample" population in favor of analysis techniques that are based on the fact that you're taking data from 100% of the population of interest. (You may still be "sampling" data, depending on what you're measuring, but you've still only got one dimension of sampling instead of two then, which is still easier to deal with.) You just aren't allowed to take the n=1 experiment you just ran and claim it applies to everybody equally. But if you want to know what works for you, and do not particularly care to publish a scientific paper, you can do experiments freely, and the results are as valid as your experimental methodology and the resulting statistical power justify. You are also further entitled at that point to trust your n=1 experiment for yourself over any future n=50 experiment in the future, because it doesn't matter whether 35 of 50 people slept better when taking Vitamin C before bed or whatever; what you personally care about is whether you do, and no amount of reading that paper will tell you whether you're going to be in the 35 or the 15. I've had to experiment on myself like crazy for various reasons. My results are (most likely) utterly inapplicable to you. And I don't care very much about that. You can do your own experiments on you. In the meantime, while I don't know exactly what the parallel universe looks like in which I didn't do these experiments, I am very confident (95%+) parallel Jerf is in pretty bad shape and almost certainly on some rather powerful and nasty meds that he does not in fact need to be on that are actually making things worse in the long term. My experiments have been informed by various papers related to my condition, so it's not like that science is useless; far from it! But, again, no amount of reading papers about Celiac disease and how taking more Taurine helped 80% of people's hearts work better will tell me whether I'm in the 80% or the 20%.
- jriot 8y agoNot sure how to do fasting with exercise. I follow the Russian Sheiko powerlifting training plan, eating around 4500 calories a day. Not sure how my body would react to skipping entire days without eating. If I miss my second late night snack I wake-up famished.
- antisthenes 8y agoYeah, I'm not sure if people who recommend IF ever tried to exercise while hungry. My lifting weights go down by at least 10-15% if I haven't eaten anything that day. Tried lifting in the morning before breakfast - didn't go too well either, just put me in a bad mood because I felt too weak.
- randlet 8y agoI do a powerlifting routine and sometimes work out while fasted (16+ hours). Doesn't make a difference to me to be honest but I haven't tried a 24hr or multi day fast. However, my lifts are quite sensitive to sleep patterns and if I'm not well rested my lifts can suffer 5% or so (15% seems pretty large? That's a 45lb difference on a 300lb squat!).
- jriot 8y agoI am not super strict with when I eat, make sure I get enough. But I agree that my lifts suffer more if I haven't given myself enough rest or time between workouts - that's a bigger detriment to lifting.
- antisthenes 8y agoWell, I never even came close to a 300lb squat, so 10-15% isn't that much for me. Also, I wasn't really proper fasting, just hungry because of skipping 1 meal.
- bonesss 8y agoYou have to allow time for adaptation to the different kind of training... One session on an empty stomach from a fasting newb is not the same as someone who is metabolically adept at fasting training. Lots of people are exercising while fasted. Body builders, power lifters, and athletes across the strength/endurance spectrum. For things like camping or distance jogging, being able to start at 6:00 and go until 16:00 without food is a game changer. And, no: people who are training fasted aren't training hungry... Their hunger chemicals dissipate after 20-30 min because they're fasted ;)
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- lubesGordi 8y agoCaffeine also ups your cAMP.
- b3b0p 8y agoSleeping extra and skipping breakfast before I go to work/school is fasting. Which my dad, friends, and myself have been doing throughout our entire life since maybe grade school. I'm trying to figure out why calling it intermittent fasting versus skipping breakfast all of sudden makes it almost controversial and a hot topic.
- Someone1234 8y ago> sudden makes it almost controversial and a hot topic. Because scientific data suggests it may have health benefits. Doing intermittent fasting isn't simply skipping breakfast, you have to avoid any calorific consumption during the cycle (e.g. sugar/cream in drinks, snacks, etc). The length of the cycle is also starting to seem important with longer intermittent fasts (or full fasts) being more beneficial to health. The whole topic remains me of high-intensity interval training (HIIT)[0] in a good way. Both HIIT and IF offer improved health outcomes with minimal investment (both time and effort). They're also scientifically backed. They aren't as effective as their full effort counterparts (e.g. healthy eating, longer exercise), but people seem more willing to try them and they become habits. [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-intensity_interval_training https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-intensity_interval_traini...
- DoreenMichele 8y agoMalfunctions in the cells’ protein-disposal machinery can lead to the accumulation of misfolded proteins, which clog up the cell This actually has implications for genetic disorders. I inadvertently discovered the value of semi fasting. It's called poverty. I sometimes am too poor to afford good quality food and learned while homeless that eating little or nothing for short periods was better for my health than exposing myself to germs and smoke etc to acquire usually low quality meals at soup kitchens. I have a genetic disorder. Semi-fasting has really helped my condition to an unexpected degree. (I'm not recommending it for my condition. You first need fat reserves.) I'm very interested in this research. I hope to eventually have a better understanding of the mechanism whereby this is beneficial.
- Legogris 8y agoIf anyone's interested in effects of long-term water fasts (sizable study over long time, largest data-point is a 41-day water fast): https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5819235/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5819235/
- vnwwilugrb 8y agoI guess I'm the odd one out here; I eat between 07:00 and 11:00 I have dinner for breakfast, then lunch for second breakfast then fast
- zamfi 8y agoThis wording struck me as odd: > Study co-investigators included Jinghui Zhao and Sudarsanareddy Lokireddy, who is no longer at Harvard. It turns out that “no longer at Harvard” in this case means stripped of his PhD due to fabricating data, and implicated in 6 other retractions for falsified data. So...perhaps take this study with a grain of salt?
- boulevard 8y agoI have a better plan, Die!