4 ms·

Great post & thread, a tl;dr: Ctrl-r search history - then Ctrl-r again to show next match - then Tab to show all options

Great post & thread, a tl;dr: Ctrl-r search history - then Ctrl-r again to show next match - then Tab to show all options Ctrl-p previous command or arrow up Ctrl-n next command or arrow down export HISTCONTROL=ignoreboth:erasedups Add to .bashrc to avoid duplicate entries Ctrl-a to beginning of line Ctrl-e to end of line Alt-b one word back Alt-f one word forward Ctrl-k delete to end of line Ctrl-u delete to beginning of line Alt-d delete to end of word Ctrl-w delete to beginning of word Alt-Backspc same cd - change to last dir pushd <dir> mark current dir and go to <dir> popd go to marked dir z fuzzy cd, install from https://github.com/rupa/z j fuzzy cd and more, install via autojump Ctrl-z to background & suspend bg recent background app continue running fg bring recent background app to front disown -h remove recent background app from current tty fg %n bring nth app to front, e.g.: fg %2 for second less better than cat, doesn't flood screen, same keys find find files, e.g. find / -name <filename> ag install via the_silver_searcher, faster grep tree shows dir like a GUI app, install !! last command, e.g. sudo !! fish bash alternative with more sensible defaults man bash read more about bash

bigbugbag 10y ago
Here are some notes I took about ZSH that may be helpful to someone * zsh bang previous commands: !! Previous command !-1 Previous command !-2 Second previous command Getting individual arguments: !$ Last arg !* All args !$:h Last argument, strip one level !!:1 First arg Modifying commandlines !ls:$:h Head !ls:$:t Tail !ls:$:r Rm Suffix !ls:$:s/user/dude/ Substitute user by dude * Filename Modifiers :h head (dirname) :t tail (basename) :e extension :r remove extension :l lowercase conversion :u uppercase conversion :p print command but do not execute :q quote substituted words * zsh globbing **/* Picks out all files and directories, recursively. ***/* Ditto, following symlinks * Any string, including the null string. ? Any character. [...] Any of the enclosed characters. Ranges of characters can be specified by separating two characters by a -. [^...] Inverse [!...] Inverse <x-y> Any number in the range x to y, inclusive. Either can be omitted. ^x Anything except the pattern x. x|y Either x or y. x# Zero or more occurrences of the pattern x. x## One or more occurrences of the pattern x. globbing qualifiers * file type (.) Regular files (/) Directories (@) Symlinks (=) Sockets (p) Named pipes (%) Device (%b) Block devices (%c) Character devices * permissions (r) Readable by owner (w) Writable by owner (x) Executables by owner (R) Readable by world (W) Writable by world (X) Executable by world (A) Readable by group (I) Writable by group (E) Executable bu group alternatively a chmod style syntax is supported: ls **/*(.:g-w:) * Ownership (U) Your own user (G) Your own group (u:userid:) User with userid (g:userid:) group with groupid example: list files belonging to user www-data with ls -l /(u:www-data:) Modification and access time (m) Modification time (a) Access time (-) Before (+) After (M) Months (w) Weeks (h) Hours (m) Minutes (s) Seconds example: list files accessed last month with ls /(.aM-1) file size (L) File size (defaults to bytes) (k) use kilobytes (m) use megabytes (p) use 512-byte blocks example: list all files larger than 10 megabytes with ls /(.Lm+10) dos2unix /~.(gif|png|jpg)(.) # ~ excludes dos2unix (#i)/~.(gif|png|jpg)(.) # case-insensitive ls =bob # Lists file anywhere in $PATH ls /some_file # Lists file under current directory zargs -- /(.) -- ls -l # Ditto * zsh Iteration for i (/home/**/q*) rm $i for i in /**/b*(u:miklophone:); do rm $i ; done for f in http://zsh.sunsite.dk/Guide/zshguide{,{01..08}}.html; do... zargs -- /**/b*(u:miklophone:) -- rm * Renaming files with Zsh Numerical prefix: $ i=1; for j in *; do mv $j $i.$j; ((i++)); done $ i=1; for f in *; do mv $f $(echo $i| awk '{ printf("%03d", $0)}').$f; ((i++)); done $ integer i=0; for f in *; do mv $f $[i+=1].$f; done Rename all files from name.mp3 to Name.mp3: $ zmv `([a-z])(*).mp3` `${(C)1}$2.mp3` Capitalize file $ zmv '([a-z])(*).pdf' '${(C)1}$2.pdf' Replaces spaces with underlines $ zmv '* *' '$f:gs/ /_' FOO to foo $ for i in *(.); mv $i ${i:l} Rename pic1.jpg to pic0001.jpg ... $ zmv 'pic(*).jpg' 'pic${(1:4::0:)1}.jpg' $ zmv '(**/)pic(*).jpg' '$1/pic1:4::0:)2}.jpg' # recursive Remove spaces from filenames $ for a in ./**/*\ *(Dod); do mv $a ${a:h}/${a:t:gs/ /_}; done Substitute r for l s/l/r[/] Unless preceded immediately by a g, with no colon between, the substitution is done only for the first string that matches l. For arrays and filename expansion, this applies to each word of the expanded text. The left-hand side of substitutions are not regular expressions, but character strings. Any character can be used as the delimiter in place of '/'. A backslash quotes the delimiter character. The character '&', in the right-hand-side r, is replaced by the text from the left-hand-side l. The '&' can be quoted with a backslash. * zsh if # see also -z below if [[ $foo = '' ]]; then print The parameter foo is empty fi # quote the term to avoid pattern matching (not regexp, btw) if [[ biriyana = b* ]]; then print Word begins with a b fi # Numbers if [[ $number -gt 3 ]]; then if [[ $number -lt 3 ]]; then if (( $number > 3 )); then if (( 3 )); then # Files if [[ file1 -nt file2 ]]; then # newer than if [[ file1 -ot file2 ]]; then # older than if [[ file1 -ef file2 ]]; then # same file # Variables if [[ -z "$var is blah; test fails" ]]; then # zero length? if [[ -n "$var is blah; test passes" ]]; then # non-zero length?
- pmoriarty 10y ago
  For all but the simplest renaming tasks, I use "qmv" (from the renameutils[1] package). It loads up the target filenames/paths in a buffer in your $EDITOR, and then you can use the full power of your editor to rename. When you save the buffer, qmv does a sanity check and then does the actual renaming. Here's a simple example: [2], but it can get arbitrarily complex -- in a much more visual and interactive way than what a shell alone would be capable of. [1] - http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/wily/en/man1/qmv.1.html http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/wily/en/man1/qmv.1.html [2] - http://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/1136/batch-renaming-files/160155#160155 http://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/1136/batch-renaming-...
yamaneko 10y ago
There is Ctrl-y for pasting deleted strings, which goes along very well with these commands: Ctrl-k delete to end of line Ctrl-u delete to beginning of line Alt-d delete to end of word Ctrl-w delete to beginning of word Alt-Backspc same Bash keybindings behave like Emacs by default, hence every time you invoke one of these, it will put the string into a buffer, which can be later pasted using Ctrl-y. This is very useful. For instance, if you remembered that you didn't `mkdir /mnt/disk` while in the middle of the command `mount /dev/sdb /mnt/disk`, you can delete what you have already typed with Ctrl-u; issue `mkdir /mnt/disk`; than you can paste the previous command with Ctrl-y. Very useful and I use it all the time! (Ctrl-u have never tied to my muscle memory, so I usually do Ctrl-a Ctrl-k to move to the beginning of the line and delete what comes next). Other tips: cd goes to home dir Ctrl-] moves cursor to character (such as vim f) Ctrl+Meta+] moves to character backwards (vim F) I also put these in my .bashrc for searching history pressing up/down. "\e[A": history-search-backward "\e[B": history-search-forward This is different of searching with Ctrl-r. When you type part of a command, such as mkdir /dev and press up, it will complete with previous ocurrences of commands starting with `mkdir /dev`. It is faster than Ctrl-r if you already know what to do.
- pjvandehaar 10y ago
  "\e[A": history-search-backward "\e[B": history-search-forward These have to go in `~/.inputrc`, right?
  - yamaneko 10y ago
    That's right! Sorry for the late reply.
claytonaalves 10y ago
Ctrl+l clears screen. This is very useful even if you are inside a REPL like python, ruby, mysql, etc...

bigbugbag 10y ago

Here are some notes I took about ZSH that may be helpful to someone * zsh bang previous commands: !! Previous command !-1 Previous command !-2 Second previous command Getting individual arguments: !$ Last arg !* All args !$:h Last argument, strip one level !!:1 First arg Modifying commandlines !ls:$:h Head !ls:$:t Tail !ls:$:r Rm Suffix !ls:$:s/user/dude/ Substitute user by dude * Filename Modifiers :h head (dirname) :t tail (basename) :e extension :r remove extension :l lowercase conversion :u uppercase conversion :p print command but do not execute :q quote substituted words * zsh globbing **/* Picks out all files and directories, recursively. ***/* Ditto, following symlinks * Any string, including the null string. ? Any character. [...] Any of the enclosed characters. Ranges of characters can be specified by separating two characters by a -. [^...] Inverse [!...] Inverse <x-y> Any number in the range x to y, inclusive. Either can be omitted. ^x Anything except the pattern x. x|y Either x or y. x# Zero or more occurrences of the pattern x. x## One or more occurrences of the pattern x. globbing qualifiers * file type (.) Regular files (/) Directories (@) Symlinks (=) Sockets (p) Named pipes (%) Device (%b) Block devices (%c) Character devices * permissions (r) Readable by owner (w) Writable by owner (x) Executables by owner (R) Readable by world (W) Writable by world (X) Executable by world (A) Readable by group (I) Writable by group (E) Executable bu group alternatively a chmod style syntax is supported: ls **/*(.:g-w:) * Ownership (U) Your own user (G) Your own group (u:userid:) User with userid (g:userid:) group with groupid example: list files belonging to user www-data with ls -l /(u:www-data:) Modification and access time (m) Modification time (a) Access time (-) Before (+) After (M) Months (w) Weeks (h) Hours (m) Minutes (s) Seconds example: list files accessed last month with ls /(.aM-1) file size (L) File size (defaults to bytes) (k) use kilobytes (m) use megabytes (p) use 512-byte blocks example: list all files larger than 10 megabytes with ls /(.Lm+10) dos2unix /~.(gif|png|jpg)(.) # ~ excludes dos2unix (#i)/~.(gif|png|jpg)(.) # case-insensitive ls =bob # Lists file anywhere in $PATH ls /some_file # Lists file under current directory zargs -- /(.) -- ls -l # Ditto * zsh Iteration for i (/home/**/q*) rm $i for i in /**/b*(u:miklophone:); do rm $i ; done for f in http://zsh.sunsite.dk/Guide/zshguide{,{01..08}}.html; do... zargs -- /**/b*(u:miklophone:) -- rm * Renaming files with Zsh Numerical prefix: $ i=1; for j in *; do mv $j $i.$j; ((i++)); done $ i=1; for f in *; do mv $f $(echo $i| awk '{ printf("%03d", $0)}').$f; ((i++)); done $ integer i=0; for f in *; do mv $f $[i+=1].$f; done Rename all files from name.mp3 to Name.mp3: $ zmv `([a-z])(*).mp3` `${(C)1}$2.mp3` Capitalize file $ zmv '([a-z])(*).pdf' '${(C)1}$2.pdf' Replaces spaces with underlines $ zmv '* *' '$f:gs/ /_' FOO to foo $ for i in *(.); mv $i ${i:l} Rename pic1.jpg to pic0001.jpg ... $ zmv 'pic(*).jpg' 'pic${(1:4::0:)1}.jpg' $ zmv '(**/)pic(*).jpg' '$1/pic1:4::0:)2}.jpg' # recursive Remove spaces from filenames $ for a in ./**/*\ *(Dod); do mv $a ${a:h}/${a:t:gs/ /_}; done Substitute r for l s/l/r[/] Unless preceded immediately by a g, with no colon between, the substitution is done only for the first string that matches l. For arrays and filename expansion, this applies to each word of the expanded text. The left-hand side of substitutions are not regular expressions, but character strings. Any character can be used as the delimiter in place of '/'. A backslash quotes the delimiter character. The character '&', in the right-hand-side r, is replaced by the text from the left-hand-side l. The '&' can be quoted with a backslash. * zsh if # see also -z below if [[ $foo = '' ]]; then print The parameter foo is empty fi # quote the term to avoid pattern matching (not regexp, btw) if [[ biriyana = b* ]]; then print Word begins with a b fi # Numbers if [[ $number -gt 3 ]]; then if [[ $number -lt 3 ]]; then if (( $number > 3 )); then if (( 3 )); then # Files if [[ file1 -nt file2 ]]; then # newer than if [[ file1 -ot file2 ]]; then # older than if [[ file1 -ef file2 ]]; then # same file # Variables if [[ -z "$var is blah; test fails" ]]; then # zero length? if [[ -n "$var is blah; test passes" ]]; then # non-zero length?

pmoriarty 10y ago
For all but the simplest renaming tasks, I use "qmv" (from the renameutils[1] package). It loads up the target filenames/paths in a buffer in your $EDITOR, and then you can use the full power of your editor to rename. When you save the buffer, qmv does a sanity check and then does the actual renaming. Here's a simple example: [2], but it can get arbitrarily complex -- in a much more visual and interactive way than what a shell alone would be capable of. [1] - http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/wily/en/man1/qmv.1.html http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/wily/en/man1/qmv.1.html [2] - http://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/1136/batch-renaming-files/160155#160155 http://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/1136/batch-renaming-...

yamaneko 10y ago

There is Ctrl-y for pasting deleted strings, which goes along very well with these commands: Ctrl-k delete to end of line Ctrl-u delete to beginning of line Alt-d delete to end of word Ctrl-w delete to beginning of word Alt-Backspc same Bash keybindings behave like Emacs by default, hence every time you invoke one of these, it will put the string into a buffer, which can be later pasted using Ctrl-y. This is very useful. For instance, if you remembered that you didn't `mkdir /mnt/disk` while in the middle of the command `mount /dev/sdb /mnt/disk`, you can delete what you have already typed with Ctrl-u; issue `mkdir /mnt/disk`; than you can paste the previous command with Ctrl-y. Very useful and I use it all the time! (Ctrl-u have never tied to my muscle memory, so I usually do Ctrl-a Ctrl-k to move to the beginning of the line and delete what comes next). Other tips: cd goes to home dir Ctrl-] moves cursor to character (such as vim f) Ctrl+Meta+] moves to character backwards (vim F) I also put these in my .bashrc for searching history pressing up/down. "\e[A": history-search-backward "\e[B": history-search-forward This is different of searching with Ctrl-r. When you type part of a command, such as mkdir /dev and press up, it will complete with previous ocurrences of commands starting with `mkdir /dev`. It is faster than Ctrl-r if you already know what to do.

pjvandehaar 10y ago
"\e[A": history-search-backward "\e[B": history-search-forward These have to go in `~/.inputrc`, right?
- yamaneko 10y ago
  That's right! Sorry for the late reply.

claytonaalves 10y ago

Ctrl+l clears screen. This is very useful even if you are inside a REPL like python, ruby, mysql, etc...