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Just turned 30. Invested most of my savings (20k€) into Bitcoin several years ago, and then converted everything to Ethereum in the pre-sale. Those 20k€ are wor
by zen_boy 10y ago
Just turned 30. Invested most of my savings (20k€) into Bitcoin several years ago, and then converted everything to Ethereum in the pre-sale. Those 20k€ are worth roughly 1M€ pre-tax at the current rates.
Started a fintech startup three years ago and we are close to a liquidation event that would net ~1.5M€ pre-tax.
Right now, though, I have less than 10k€ in my bank account. Would be also really curious to hear how to convert that money into sustainable passive income.
Spending 3k€ per month for the next 30 years would be about 1M€. Seems like having <5M€ is far from the "go bananas" type of wealth, but it can definitely be enough to achieve FI.
Achieving ~4% annualized ROI after tax and inflation seems plausible in the long term: https://www.reddit.com/r/financialindependence/wiki/faq https://www.reddit.com/r/financialindependence/wiki/faq
- charlesdm 10y agoIs capital gains tax payable on those coins? If I were in your place, I would probably attempt to find a way to realise that gain (i.e. by relocating to a tax friendly country for a while) without having to pay capital gains tax. Make sure to not throw away your windfall.
- zen_boy 10y agoIn Finland, the capital gains on cryptos are realised once you sell them for floating currencies (ie. USD or EUR). We pay 34% tax on the profit. For example, I'd pay (1M€ - 20k€) x 34% = 333k€ of taxes on capital gains. I'm not sure how the taxation works if you try to dodge it by relocating to a more tax friendly zone. I've heard some horror stories about Finnish companies moving to Estonia for tax benefits only to be taxed with fines for the gains that the company made while it located in Finland. Would the same rationale apply for personal capital gains? You can freely trade between cryptos, for example between BTC and ETH, without triggering the capital gains. The moment you leave cryptoland, I believe they use the first-in-first-out (FIFO) principle to calculate the profits.
- charlesdm 10y agoIn Belgium (where I live), these gains are tax free. So that is one country you could potentially move to to avoid the tax. The same applies for the UK, Malta, Cyprus (non dom regime) and Monaco. If I were you, I'd consider doing the perpetual traveler thing for a while (i.e. while having a base in Malta, which is cheap) and cash out + reinvest in stocks. After a few years, move back, and then pay capital gains tax on those future gains. You can leave most countries without realising the capital gain, even if you've built it up within a country. This is why certain people move to a country without capital gains tax to sell their company. Obviously I don't know Finnish tax law, but within the EU it's generally the case (for now). Have it checked by a _GOOD_ tax lawyer, if that's what you want to do. Building up capital is important - once you have it there's a lot you can do.
- zen_boy 10y agoWow, this advice is very valuable. I'll definitely investigate. Thank you. Another interesting discussion is the ethical side of things. I do feel some obligation to pay back to my home country for things it has provided (free education, healthcare, etc.), many of which were financed with tax income. But paying the whole amount from current and future gains would be tad too much. Also, would it be possible to achieve higher and more direct impact with dodging the taxes and distributing that money via philantrophic means? Just some questions I'm thinking about in the whole picture.
- charlesdm 10y ago1. If you intend to move back at some point, it doesn’t matter. Say you generate €75-100k a year from that million in the future, you’ll be paying 25k a year in taxes anyway. The more capital you have, the more you can generate, hence the more tax you can pay in the future. Pay 333k now vs 25k a year over the next 50 years. But building that first €500k-1m is hard, imo. 2. Always give back. For example, I gift €X,000 every year to local good causes. Yep, I get a 45% tax deduction for it, but I also use it as a way to give back. You’re not going to spend one euro to save 45 cents in tax, if it's not something you believe in. You can also give back by investing in Finnish companies. 3. If you’re interested in Belgium (low cost of living, high quality of life, free health insurance, relaxed society, high taxes but not on capital), I can intro you to my tax lawyer. He’s awesome.
- UweSchmidt 10y agoI had the opportunity to hear major german bank disappoint affluent customers by telling them that, in stark contrast to the past, there is no risk-free 4% in the stock market any more (when using the basic strategies available retail like investment funds etc). If true, you might have to play a more active role and "run a business" instead of "invest some".
- pc86 10y agoWhat's the "risk-free" amount then? 2%? 1%? 0.25%? 2% just means you need more money saved, not that you need to actively run a business into your 80's to continue feeding yourself.
- UweSchmidt 10y agoThey said risk-free would be -0.4% or something. I suppose they would have been biased to say "buy our funds", and they didn't really push any other products except maybe real estate. Everyone was bummed out. Curious to hear other opinions.
- morgante 10y agoIt sounds like they're pushing an agenda (everything else is terrible; buy our products). No asset is "risk-free" but it's certainly possible to get risk-adjusted returns of 4% in the stock market. Even if you include 2008, you would average 4% over any 30 year period. At a minimum, you can get ~2% in treasuries. There are even savings accounts offering 1% returns.
- embwbam 10y agoI just switched from Wealthfront to Betterment, because their software does a good job of helping you with this. It asks you what you're using the money for, when you'll need it, and about your tax situation. It'll automatically provide different investment options based on what you answer. So, for your situation you could put some of it into an income producing "goal", and put the rest into something more growth oriented. Definitely worth checking out: http://betterment.com/invite/seanhess http://betterment.com/invite/seanhess (disclosure: that is my invite link which gets me free months without fees. I do love the service a lot).
- lubonay 10y agoBoth this and Welathfront only operate within the US, which is a shame. Anyone aware of a similar service operating within the EU?
- vvvv 10y agoEU criterion may drop away but... In the UK: http://www.wealthify.com/ http://www.wealthify.com/ https://www.nutmeg.com/ https://www.nutmeg.com/ https://www.moneyfarm.com/uk/ https://www.moneyfarm.com/uk/
- renaudg 10y agoI'm pretty sure Moneyfarm are based in Italy, so definitely in the EU !
- renaudg 10y agohttps://www.nutmeg.com https://www.nutmeg.com in the UK are quite good. I can provide a referral : you get 3 months fee-free (and an additional £100 if you invest >£15k) and I get a small bonus. There's https://www.yomoni.fr/ https://www.yomoni.fr/ in France too
- javitury 10y ago> Spending 3k€ per month for the next 30 years would be about 1M€ That is only withdrawing the principal without taking into account the real interest/yield rate you can make off the investment. That money would probably last longer or yield more for the same time period. In fact, as you point out it can last indefinitely with an after inflation and tax ROI(real yield) of 4% which converts to ~3k/mo. You would have to plowback excess returns on good years and withdraw part of the principal on bad years. Plus readjusting your expectations from time to time. One of the best investments you can make is to get a financial education. You don't need to get a pedigree to show on your job interview, you should go only after the knowledge which will be cheaper. And lastly a diversified mix of stocks, long term bonds and short term notes will earn you that passive income. Now that you are young take a little more risk and shift your allocation gradually towards short term debt as you age.
- barrkel 10y agoThe real interest rate is usually negative in today's environment; I'd love to know where you're getting a risk-free 4% after inflation and tax.
- adventured 10y agoMuni bonds are the best way to go for that. You can still nail 4% plus after inflation and taxes there. You're not going to get risk-free anywhere, there's no such thing.
- nstj 10y agoCan you provide some example names? I'm seeing returns of only 1.65% on the Barclays Muni Index[0] [0]: https://index.barcap.com/Benchmark_Indices/Aggregate/Bond_Indices https://index.barcap.com/Benchmark_Indices/Aggregate/Bond_In...
- whatok 10y agoYou're looking at the yield; not the returns. You also cannot directly invest in the index but there are ETFs that track it.
- MarkCole 10y agoIs there a specific reason you're keeping so much of your wealth tied up in Ethereum? (Not that clued up on it, perhaps there isn't a big enough market there to sell it yet?) It seems to me like having all of your eggs in one basket. Wouldn't it be better to convert a decent portion of it to cash and invest that in a nice mixture of stock and bonds?
- zen_boy 10y agoEthereum seems to have great potential to multiply its value in the next 12-24 months. I think the probability of ETH going from 1B$ -> 2-5B$ market cap is far greater than BTC going from 10B$ to 20-50B$ due to several factors. My line of thinking has been that in order for the 4% to be meaningful, you need to start with at least a million. Saving a portion from the salary and getting 4% annualized growth just wouldn't have ever achieved the type of financial wealth I had in mind. YMMV. But now I feel like the time has come to diversify and start reducing the risks. Going from 20$ to 10$ per ETH definitely hurt.
- chillydawg 10y agoYou do realise you're gambling, right? There's nothing wrong with that, but be honest with yourself about the risks of having nearly all your money in one instrument (ETH) which could easily wildly fluctuate up or down. If you honestly think it's a bet worth making, go look up the kelly criterion.
- DennisP 10y agoIt does wildly fluctuate up and down, but he's also got a 1.5M startup and he's only 30, so he can easily afford the risk.
- zen_boy 10y agoThis is always a good reminder. Then again, had I not done that investment or cashed out earlier, that 20k€ would be nowhere near 1M€. There simply doesn't exist many ways to achieve 50x ROI in <5 years. Seems like majority of people are happy with lower yield plans, but I personally would have not achieved my goals without some aggressive increase in wealth. Hard to say what I would be saying had I lost everything though. It's easy for me to rationalise the decision now that it paid off. And yes, we have to remember to look at the graveyard too. The non-linear utility of money puts an interesting twist on things though. The effort and risk one should take to achieve additional wealth seems to reduce logarithmically after a certain point. I guess that point seems to be further for me than most people, but I feel it's close now.
- scheff 10y agoHi there, can you explain to us why you chose to invest so heavily in Bitcoin and Ethereum? What gave you the certainty that they would go so well?
- zen_boy 10y agoI didn't have any magical crystal ball, like no one else did. The key transition point was moving the Bitcoins into the Ethereum. For me, Vitalik's early posts convinced me that Ethereum wasn't just another altcoin and it had great potential. I didn't have any debt at that point and the traditional model of saving portion of salary and getting 4% annualized growth wasn't going to achieve the wealth I had in mind. So cryptocurrencies seemed like it had the huge upside potential I wanted and the worst-case scenario would have been that I'd lose the initial 20k€. I'm fairly opportunistic and risk-seeking. YMMV. Hard to say what the probability of failure (ie. Bitcoin collapsing or the value of Ethereum being far less than the pre-sale price) has been.
- Cthulhu_ 10y agoWith bitcoin, I'm kinda sure there was never any certainty, only faith; for a few, that worked out very well. But bitcoin has always been a gamble, a very unstable and easily influenced investment product, with unsafe and corrupt trading platforms.
- erikb 10y agoIf you only have 10k€ in the bank and not a second "survival" account with around 10k€ then this should be your backup fund. Make the money as easily assessible as possible. It should be at least 3 months of expenses, and I personally spend less than 10k in 3 months but still have that goal.
- zen_boy 10y agoGreat advice, thank you. I'll prioritise increasing this amount in the near future.
- tim333 10y agoTypically the best / simplest way for sustainable mostly passive income is rental property. Lots of how to guides out there. Mortgage rates are really low at the mo if you want to leverage.
- charlesdm 10y agoThis depends on the country. Property isn't exactly passive income, when compared to other types of investments. For example, in Belgium, stamp duty (a transfer tax) upon acquisition of a property is 10%. It takes a long while before you generate that back in rental yields.
- zen_boy 10y agoI did some calculations about owning your own apartment vs renting. At least in Finland with the current housing prices and interest rates, the difference in a 25 year period between owning and renting was surprisingly small. Personally, I'm happy to pay rent and have the money in more liquid assets as well as enjoy more freedom and being debt free. I assume renting out would only be worse with the additional risk of having bad tenants. This helped a lot https://www.khanacademy.org/economics-finance-domain/core-finance/housing/renting-v-buying/v/renting-vs-buying-a-home https://www.khanacademy.org/economics-finance-domain/core-fi... Here in Finland, the status quo seems to be that you obviously save for your own apartment as the first thing. From purely financial gains perspective, I couldn't find the rationale.
- kayoone 10y agoBut isn't it always good to own the property you live in ? If instead of paying $1000 a month for rent, you pay that $1000 a month for a loan for your own apartment you still have the same money to invest that you have now but you will eventually own the place you live in and free that money up. Of a big amount of that monthly payment will be interest, but at least not all of it is gone. This only works if you can actually finance a place for similar money as it would be to rent, which i am not sure of.
- jobigoud 10y ago> Invested most of my savings (20k€) into Bitcoin several years ago, and then converted everything to Ethereum in the pre-sale Haha. I did the same except with only 30€ worth of BTC, now worth ~15K€ in ETH. If only I had had slightly more balls at the time…
- zen_boy 10y agoSo easy to say in hindsight, right? I try not to be too hard on myself about past decisions. I bet you did the best decision you were capable of doing with the information you had at the time. Similar opportunities will come in the future.
- rwallace 10y agoHey, I bought zero bitcoin because by the time I looked at it - when the price was still in two digits - I thought the bubble had come and gone and there were rumors of an impending government crackdown. So you did 15k better than I did!
- canada_dry 10y ago+1 ditto. :(