I think that the top two in the unfair practice list are pretty obviously re-enforcing systemic discrimination. It's much less likely that minorities make it in

I think that the top two in the unfair practice list are pretty obviously re-enforcing systemic discrimination. It's much less likely that minorities make it into those top schools. Top schools link into top jobs... https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/economy/minorities-and-whites-follow-unequal-college-paths-report-says/2013/07/31/61c18f08-f9f3-11e2-8752-b41d7ed1f685_story.html https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/economy/minorities-a... Rewarding referrals with bonuses/stock, and referrals in general, could hinder diversity of the current employees know a non-diverse group of people. The last two items seem tricky because you do need to know the candidate can do the job. The problems here could arise if the tests are biased (it is common for this to happen unintentionally), if the person giving the test is biased, or if the testee is experiencing stereotype threat.