I never said precise GC (or even GC in general -- see Boehm GC which I cited) is restricted to JIT! Only that this is perhaps the most common case, because type

I never said precise GC (or even GC in general -- see Boehm GC which I cited) is restricted to JIT! Only that this is perhaps the most common case, because type info still exists at runtime. As I mentioned, the compiler can emit the necessary metadata for AOT cases. And I forgot to mention ML and Haskell and friends, sorry.