By induction rather than direct observation. This page contains the measurements of the planet which might be the subject of the announcement; it gives you an

By induction rather than direct observation. This page contains the measurements of the planet which might be the subject of the announcement; it gives you an idea of what kinds of metrics drive such an analysis: http://exoplanetarchive.ipac.caltech.edu/cgi-bin/DisplayOverview/nph-DisplayOverview?objname=K04878.01&type=KEPLER_CANDIDATE http://exoplanetarchive.ipac.caltech.edu/cgi-bin/DisplayOver...