Latency vs. anonymity is usually a tradeoff: if you monitor the whole network, you can correlate flows between nodes, and this gets easier with lower latency. T

Latency vs. anonymity is usually a tradeoff: if you monitor the whole network, you can correlate flows between nodes, and this gets easier with lower latency. That's why Pond connections are randomly timed. They acknowledge this fact in section 5.2: Flow-dynamics-based end-to-end correlation. In general it is difficult even for high latency mix networks to resist such powerful adversaries. Low-latency anonymity systems are particularly prone to these types of attacks. HORNET cannot protect against them, but as mentioned above, the use of packet obfuscation makes these attacks more expensive and allows for potential additional measures to be taken (e.g., padding), either by upper layer protocols or by extensions of HORNET.