Before I rant; I dunno the specifics about Denmark, but as a maritime nation they have a unique advantage for windpower. Off-shore windpower is far less stochas

Before I rant; I dunno the specifics about Denmark, but as a maritime nation they have a unique advantage for windpower. Off-shore windpower is far less stochastic than on-shore windpower (see last paragraph for why). So all the problems below are significantly mitigated. In power engineering we're not talking about switches that readers in this forum are more acquainted with (in computer architecture). Currents are in the thousands of amps, not nano, and volts are in the hundreds of thousands (or millions in one Soviet era line). Furthermore the grid is very strict with quality. The frequency must be within a certain tolerance at all times, and no more than a maximum allowed of phase shift in a period of time. The sinusoid must be quite pure, with strict maximums allowed of harmonics. The voltage has to be right. The power has to flow out, not in. Keep in mind that the grid is unforgiving with the python philosophy of asking for forgiveness. A mistake costs millions. Every time you add or remove a load/source the frequency changes, the voltages change, the flows change. To stabilize the grid you have a bulldozer (the throttle) and a little scalpel (capacitor banks). A few jurisdictions are blessed by the engineering gods and have an instrument that works in-between (hydroelectric storage). Now imagine you don't have to slowly integrate a single large and lethargic source in the middle of the night when ppl are sleeping. Instead you have thousands of stochastically generating sources being integrated and removed as the load is changing. The proof are in the prices. Wind power is expensive, but ironically the spot price sometimes drops to negative! Wind power needs a storage revolution. Then most of these problems go away. There is one cavet to all of this, off-shore wind. Since maritime flows are very constant and the relative speed at an interface is zero, offshore wind power if far more reliable and useful the on-shore.