This article I wrote explains some of the core technologies of the web from a high level, including many in your list: http://illuminatedcomputing.com/posts/20

This article I wrote explains some of the core technologies of the web from a high level, including many in your list: http://illuminatedcomputing.com/posts/2014/03/basics-of-web-architecture/ http://illuminatedcomputing.com/posts/2014/03/basics-of-web-... I suspect you might know most of it already but perhaps you'll find something helpful.