Locking the basic data structures seems like it would destroy Python's simplicity. How do you determine the scope of the per-list lock? Do you add a lock to eve

Locking the basic data structures seems like it would destroy Python's simplicity. How do you determine the scope of the per-list lock? Do you add a lock to every single data structure that you are required to grab before reading or modifying it? If you require the programmer to do it, you can easily get race conditions which will only show up once in a blue moon causing incorrect results or corruption at worst - something Python's GIL guaranteed not to happen (as long as you didn't do anything risky in your C extension). Is there any solution that doesn't use purely functional data structures?