While it's vague, I think the spirit of the "challenge" is that once a command has been used, you should not use it again. Although one can make a cat() functi

While it's vague, I think the spirit of the "challenge" is that once a command has been used, you should not use it again. Although one can make a cat() function in bourne-esque shells such as bash quite easily: cat() { while IFS="" read l ; do echo "$l" ; done < $1 ; } ; cat /var/tmp/xmas.txt :P Bunch of other stuff you can do with only bash built-ins if you manage to completely hose your box but still have a root shell: http://www.h-i-r.net/2009/08/cratered-your-linux-box-here-are-some.html http://www.h-i-r.net/2009/08/cratered-your-linux-box-here-ar...