By cyberwar he means that nation states were investing in state-of-the-art capabilities to use Computer Network Exploitation for the purposes of espionage and s

By cyberwar he means that nation states were investing in state-of-the-art capabilities to use Computer Network Exploitation for the purposes of espionage and sabotage. This has been happening since the 90s. It is true that it has gotten consistently warmer on the internet. There is a term called "hybrid warfare" now that is being traded in the US defense sector. Hybrid warfare means assymetric capabilities in tandem with ground forces: IO (intelligence operations) with kinetic operations. IO itself is a broad category consisting of Military Deception (MILDEC), PSYOPS or Strategic Communication (propaganda operations), Electronic Warfare (to disrupt communication, coordination and execution), and Signals Collection for espionage (SIGINT). The US now considers hybrid warfare the norm and deploys IO operations with every kinetic force. In Syria this meant hacking their air force and grounding their planes - in Ukraine it means winning the 'idea war' in neutral territories and providing morale and information support to civilians and the military alike. Cyberwar continues to change, as does all war, with the advancement of technology, the capabilities of the parties, the state of the art, and the scale of conflicts. But we've had it now for a couple decades in one stage of evolution or another.