"Allocated" is something that arbitrary functions like "malloc" can define for themselves. LLVM specifies what can be done with "allocated memory", and then it'

"Allocated" is something that arbitrary functions like "malloc" can define for themselves. LLVM specifies what can be done with "allocated memory", and then it's up to the API and implementation of malloc to provide something that works and is useful within LLVM's framework. Dereferencing "allocated" bytes through a proper pointer has to work. Dereferencing "unallocated" bytes is undefined behavior (regardless of whether the deference will succeed or fail in hardware). LLVM's type system is mostly inert in its memory semantics. There is no difference between arrays or any other type of object with respect to what addresses can be computed and dereferenced. The important things are allocations which guarantee contiguous regions of memory.