They do throw exceptions, but should they? Is trying to open a file that doesn't exist really an extraordinarily special condition? No, that happens all the tim

They do throw exceptions, but should they? Is trying to open a file that doesn't exist really an extraordinarily special condition? No, that happens all the time. File systems are known to be messy, untidy places that constantly have problems. Opening a file should optionally return a file, and if it didn't work return an error value instead. This can be solved with multiple return values (like Go), or an easy to use option type (like Rust). Even C solves this by returning NULL and setting the global errno. But since Java doesn't have either, it uses exceptions for completely mundane cases which then makes their performance much more difficult to tune since they're everywhere.