There are students everywhere who are graded unfairly. Certainly punishing students who break the ethical rules of the school or terrorize the classroom with a

There are students everywhere who are graded unfairly. Certainly punishing students who break the ethical rules of the school or terrorize the classroom with a failing grade is not the appropriate response, though many of such students probably do deserve poor grades for the actual academic performance that corresponds to such behaviour. More interestingly, why should a single grade matter so much? Especially when it can so easily be due to the whims of the professor or to extraordinary personal circumstances of the student? Of course, it does matter in practice, and that's the bigger problem that I think is showcased by stories like these.