> However, the bad news is that all of these fixes are expensive and all of them take years As a power electronics control engineer I strenuously disagree. Th

> However, the bad news is that all of these fixes are expensive and all of them take years As a power electronics control engineer I strenuously disagree. The historical problems with massive renewable penetration aren't just solvable, they are well-solved already! For example, grid-tied inverters and PFC rectifiers have been meeting IEEE-519 harmonics guidelines for many years already. We even have virtual impedance methods which provide harmonic and reactive support for the grid available right now. The problem is that the utilities have actively blocked their implementation! The grid accepted an almost total transformation from nonlinear RCD computer loads to PFC-corrected loads without difficulty at all, and there are far more switching power supplies on the line than there are active inverters. So I view the "problem" with unity power factor inverters as a red herring. Anti-islanding has been in effect for many years already, which completely eliminates the "felled tree leaves live wires" problem. Again, another non-problem. Consider very carefully what you get from the entrenched utilities, because they are coming to the table with a tremendous amount of preexisting bias.