> spdustin That's the uncertain part of the question. It's the same when you ask Does time require a force that drives it forward? The answer is We don't know y

> spdustin That's the uncertain part of the question. It's the same when you ask Does time require a force that drives it forward? The answer is We don't know yet. -- The certain part of the question is: scaling of space (in cosmic scale) can't be accelerated by 'dark energy' nor slowed down by gravity. It's not about mass, energy, momentum etc. - I really described it in my paper (see post above).