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I'm not sure, but I think semantics shifted throughout the years. I think it used to be "gegijzelde(hostage)" versus "gijzelaar(hostage taker)" now it's "gijz

I'm not sure, but I think semantics shifted throughout the years. I think it used to be "gegijzelde(hostage)" versus "gijzelaar(hostage taker)" now it's "gijzelaar(hostage)" versus "gijzelnemer(hostage taker" or, to be absolutely unambiguous: "gegijzelde" versus "gijzelnemer".

toolslive 12y ago
Just found another one in Dutch: "weerhouden"(to keep versus to hold back), although it only seems to have both meanings in Flanders.
rolfvandekrol 12y ago
Gijzelaar was originally just the victim (hostage), but its meaning shifted over the years and now most dictionaries list both meanings as valid. https://onzetaal.nl/taaladvies/advies/gijzelaar-gegijzelde https://onzetaal.nl/taaladvies/advies/gijzelaar-gegijzelde