Routing messages between peers in a decentralized system need to take into account that both senders and receivers could be online and offline at multiple times

Routing messages between peers in a decentralized system need to take into account that both senders and receivers could be online and offline at multiple times. This means the storage location of the messages you are supposed to receive could change often, making retrieving messages a two step process, looking up the current online location and then retrieving messages. The place to lookup messages is fixed in a centralized system, hence you'll receive messages faster. This can definitely be sped up by increasing the number of times the messages are replicated in the decentralized system and a constant shuffling of the message between nodes to ensure it is always available for the receiver when they come online, hence inefficient.