Penrose is the odd one out. IEEE spectrum surveilled the field of cognitive science a few years ago, for their Singularity issue - http://spectrum.ieee.org/sta

Penrose is the odd one out. IEEE spectrum surveilled the field of cognitive science a few years ago, for their Singularity issue - http://spectrum.ieee.org/static/singularity http://spectrum.ieee.org/static/singularity - & he was the only one that felt like that. I was annoyed with him because it seemed he wanted to shoot down the field without even trying, because clearly it would never work. Max Tegmark looked into the timing required for quantum effects to be significant in synapses - http://space.mit.edu/home/tegmark/brain.html http://space.mit.edu/home/tegmark/brain.html - & showed it was just not required to build an effective model. The rebuttals, such as they are, strike me as tenuous & argued from faith & dogma rather than evidence. You can see a bit of this back-and-forth at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_mind#Ongoing_Debate http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_mind#Ongoing_Debate Edit: Links, & fixing word wrap.