Both, I guess. An item can be produced in a mass-production manner even if only a few ever end up coming off the line. This also applies to items that are produ

Both, I guess. An item can be produced in a mass-production manner even if only a few ever end up coming off the line. This also applies to items that are produced on assembly lines but sufficiently customizable that no two are identical. Similarly, you can hire 10,000 people in china or Bangladesh to use hand crafting techniques to produce millions of essentially indistinguishable items in bulk, working out of their own homes. Those items are still mass produced IMO. I think part of the issue here is that the seller is a middleman -- Etsy is about buying something from the person who created it with their own hands.