This is over simplified. Research budget measured by amount of money is not a good metric. Money, after all, is just a human's invention to smooth out transacti

This is over simplified. Research budget measured by amount of money is not a good metric. Money, after all, is just a human's invention to smooth out transaction costs, or to scale the size of a coherent community. Research budget could be measured by the percentage of thinking time the whole humanity is spending on improving their lives (potentially times how long it takes on research before a solution is found), which probably reflects better the effort we put on something.