http://spinroot.com/gerard/pdf/P10.pdf http://spinroot.com/gerard/pdf/P10.pdf (some are more/less appropriate for non-embedded-systems) In general, the answer

http://spinroot.com/gerard/pdf/P10.pdf http://spinroot.com/gerard/pdf/P10.pdf (some are more/less appropriate for non-embedded-systems) In general, the answer typically involves formal specification and formal methods that check the code against these specifications, combined with testing and coding standards that result in analysable code. More references: https://www.cs.umd.edu/~mvz/cmsc630/clarke96formal.pdf https://www.cs.umd.edu/~mvz/cmsc630/clarke96formal.pdf http://research.microsoft.com/en-us/um/people/lamport/tla/formal-methods-amazon.pdf http://research.microsoft.com/en-us/um/people/lamport/tla/fo...