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Rome's "Authority and command"? We're talking about the late 15th century here. The Western Schism had only ended in 1417. Conciliarism had been strong througho
by alricb 12y ago
Rome's "Authority and command"? We're talking about the late 15th century here. The Western Schism had only ended in 1417. Conciliarism had been strong throughout the 15th century. All the powerful monarchs of Europe were trying to consolidate their power, and wanted, as much as possible, to get money from the Church. The conflict between the papacy and the English king wasn't as harsh as that between the papacy and the French or Spanish king because England was far away from Rome, and the English had been left to do mostly what they wanted.
Spain was ruined by the Hapsburg's wars, in which Catholic France (and its very-Christian king) allied with protestant powers to become the dominant continental power.