The Winklevoss Bitcoin Trust is not an exchange, it's an Exchange Traded Fund. Basically you can think of it as a shell company that exists solely to possess (a

The Winklevoss Bitcoin Trust is not an exchange, it's an Exchange Traded Fund. Basically you can think of it as a shell company that exists solely to possess (approximately) 0.2 BTC per share; buying into it is _approximately_ equivalent to buying BTC (less the trust's expenses). It's no different in theory from precious-metal ETFs like GLD or PPLT, although I'd expect expenses to be lower since no precious metals need to actually be stored. The operation of a trust like this is simplified by the fact that the Trust itself never buys bitcoins, and sells bitcoins only as necessary to pay the Trust's expenses. The day-to-day arbitrage that causes the price to track that of actual bitcoins is something that third parties do; they can exchange a certain number of bitcoins for a certain number of shares (and vice versa). Anyway, it's a lot easier to run a trust like this than an actual exchange; you don't need to track lots of tiny transactions, allow every random person on the internet to open accounts, generate 1099-B forms, hold significant US dollar deposits, etc. Heck, it doesn't even need a hot wallet; in that prospectus, exchanges of BTC for shares take three business days for settlement, which is more than enough time for a quorum of people to get their keys out of their respective bank safe deposit boxes around the country and sign a multi-signature settlement transaction offline. The big advantage of this trust, though, is that once it is listed on a big stock exchange, you'll be able to go to any stock broker and buy an interest in bitcoin. Your accountant will be able to deal with the tax implications easily, since it's just a stock, and you'll even be able to do margin transactions through properly licensed and insured brokers. It'll take a lot of the infrastructure risk out of a bitcoin investment (although volatility risk will of course remain in full force).