The predictive element itself has little to do with correlation/causation, though. "If you have gray hair, you're more likely to die in the next ten years than

The predictive element itself has little to do with correlation/causation, though. "If you have gray hair, you're more likely to die in the next ten years than people without gray hair" is a perfectly valid statement, and does not imply at all that gray hair is causing people to die. If anything, it's more like an ecological fallacy or unwarranted extrapolation to the future.