This article is long and confusing for me. However, the sidebar emphasized his important point here about "adding function" vs "refactoring" -- The adding funct

This article is long and confusing for me. However, the sidebar emphasized his important point here about "adding function" vs "refactoring" -- The adding function hat is more stressful and riskier, so it's nice to wear the refactoring hat as much as possible. What I take away is that if you refactor before adding new functionality, the refactoring is a lot easier because you can test that the functionality doesn't change at all. If you refactor after you add new functionality, you have to test all at once that there are no regressions and that the new functionality works, so the refactoring becomes as stressful as adding new functionality.