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The heat does not have to be converted to electricity, 60% of a home's energy usage is in the form of heat. 42% for space heating and 18% for water heating. I
by willholloway 12y ago
The heat does not have to be converted to electricity, 60% of a home's energy usage is in the form of heat. 42% for space heating and 18% for water heating.
I am deriving 33% of the energy used for heating our startup headquarters with a solar thermal system we rigged up out of cardboard and black aluminum foil. We are bootstrapping and the electric heat the building has is much more expensive per BTU than oil/gas.
Black aluminum foil will reach 156F in direct sunlight in December in Southeast Connecticut. I have read that black aluminum foil will convert 88% of light to heat. We have 50 square feet of these panels that spend every clear or partly cloudy day between 130-156F, warming the building through convection. On a clear day with an outside temperature of 27F our rig heats two floors to 61F. We are going to add another 50 sq. ft. of panels to attempt to reach 70F+
And the heat mass of the building keeps it warm for four hours after the sun sets. We have some large floor to ceiling windows and we installed the panels so they stand behind the bottom three feet of some of the south-southeast facing windows.
The total cost of our system was $94 and a couple hours of time.
If we owned the building I would install solar hot air panels (basically an insulated rectangular box with a plexiglass top and black aluminum foil tacked into the inside with an intake and exhaust) and run a couple air ducts into the building.
This building already had a solar hot water heating system, with two 4' x 8' water heating panels on the roof. This gives us much of our hot water.
We are awash in solar energy, and heating air with the sun is the cheapest and most efficient way of capturing it. Solar hot air is THE low hanging fruit of solar power.
The only downside with our system is that there is no energy storage. But that could be engineered easily. A concentrated solar trough connected to a buried large cement block or other heat sink could easily store a day or two worth of heat for night time and cloudy days.
55% of the days here are clear or partly cloudy and great for solar heating.
Update:
If you were wondering what we are doing in Southeast CT, we are participating in the first of what we are calling The Winter Startup Challenge, our own laid back, low burn rate version of Y Combinator.
My team rented a waterfront three bedroom house in a beach community for the offseason, October-May. Being the off season we got a great deal.
We have to leave May 31st. We have 8 months to develop the product and reach ramen profitability or get funding. The product challenges have been overcome, the prototype is being built, we have committed buyers waiting for the first production run. Five months left.
- jacquesm 12y agoIf you want to use heat in your home you're going to have to transport it there somehow. The only forms of energy that we can transport without huge losses are fossil fuels and electricity. The latter is obviously the more convenient one, though natural gas is also (relatively) safe and easy to transport. Heat is extremely hard to transport over longer distances without huge loss.
- wernercd 12y agoYour focused on moving heat from "Power Plant" to "Home". That's not where/what the OP is talking about. He's talking about installing solar devices to collect heat at the place of business/home and use it there. On-site creation (if you consider using sunlight creation) and consumption. There is nothing stopping the creation of electricity/gas/etc and transporting that over long distances... while ALSO using solar devices at the business/home. Why use electricity to heat water, when you can use the sun? Why run an electric heater when you can use the sun to provide some/all of the heat needed? It's a great idea and he makes a lot of good points. If the engineering can be simplified and brought to the masses
- jacquesm 12y agoYou really should have a good look at the material and the devices described in the article. I don't think they lend themselves to decentralized use at all. Solar concentrators are typically massive and are relatively dangerous to operate. Especially if you do two axis concentration (I should know, nearly set my old office on fire with one...).
- willholloway 12y agoIt is true that typically concentrated solar is industrial scale, operating at high temperature and pressure, but it doesn't have to. A residential scale solar parabolic trough could heat water to 160F to run through baseboard heaters in a hybrid solar/fossil fuel system. It could also easily boil the water and turn it to steam, its all about the size of the trough and the speed water is moved through it. This new material seems like an improvement over the current tech in this type of setup. The advantage of concentrated solar is that it can still generate usable heat on mostly cloudy days, where flat collectors certainly do not.