Yes and No. You could build the lisp primitives out of NAND, but you still need those primitives to build the lisp implementation, which is what the orignial q

Yes and No. You could build the lisp primitives out of NAND, but you still need those primitives to build the lisp implementation, which is what the orignial question is. You could also write the lisp primitives without direct reference to NAND (excluding NAND inside of the CPU).