I really appreciate the extent to which American laws make it difficult for employers to eliminate candidates based on factors that are irrelevant to the job.

I really appreciate the extent to which American laws make it difficult for employers to eliminate candidates based on factors that are irrelevant to the job. In 2012, I considered applying for a fellowship in Israel. The application form required you to say whether you had consulted a mental health professional in the last two years and to list any medications you were currently taking and for what purpose. In the United States, it is completely illegal to put questions like this on a job application form (and for very good reason). You are allowed to ask these types of questions after you've made an offer and even then you have to demonstrate that the person cannot do the job in order to rescind the offer. I asked the organization why they collected this information, and they told me it was for the safety of the participants and that they "couldn't in good conscience" not ask these questions. I didn't apply for the fellowship.