How the kernel is organized has no meaning on how bloated it is Software organization can cause bloat if the feature can be implemented in another way. For ex

How the kernel is organized has no meaning on how bloated it is Software organization can cause bloat if the feature can be implemented in another way. For example, there may be multiple ways to establish the same network connection. I'm not defending microkernels, but some kernel functions in userspace is not bad. Dismissing microkernel concepts immediately is just as bad as questioning whether Linus was wrong in not selecting that architecture.